| A | B |
|---|
| popular sovereignty | the right to decide whether or not to allow slavery |
| balance of power | same number of free states and slave states |
| radicals | demanding immediate change |
| moderate | favoring gradual change |
| John Calhoun | Senator from South Carolina |
| Henry Clay | the Great Compromiser from Kentucky |
| Compromise of 1850 | included provisions for both northern and southern states |
| Uncle Toms Cabin | awakened people to the horrors of slavery |
| transcontinental railroad | a rail line across the continent |
| Bleeding Kansas | the civil war in Kansas between pro slavery and abolitionist forces |
| John Brown | violent abolitionist who led forces in Bloody Kansas and at Harpers Ferry |
| platform | a statement of a political party's beliefs |
| Dred Scott | slave who had lived in free territory |
| Stephen Douglas | Senator from Illinois who debated Lincoln |
| Freeport Doctrine | Douglas' belief that legislatures could refuse to pass laws protecting slavery in a territory |
| Lincoln Douglas Debates | 7 debates that brought Lincoln to national prominence and Douglas back to the Senate |
| Harpers Ferry | John Brown seized the arsenal here and planned to head south with the weapons and free the slaves |
| Election of 1860 | Lincoln wins 40% of popular vote and defeats three other candidates for the presidency |
| secession | to withdraw from an organization in this case the United States of America |
| Fort Sumter | Federal fort in Charleston harbor fired upon by Confederate troops to begin the Civil War |
| habeas corpus | a right that protects people from being held in prison unlawfully |
| Martial law | rule by the military instead of the usual government officials |
| Border States | eight slave states that had not yet decided whether to join the Confederacy or stay in the Union |
| casualties | soldiers killed or wounded or captured or missing |
| draft | a system that requires men to serve in the military |
| income tax | a tax on money people earn from work or investments |
| total war | war against armies and also against a people's resources and will to fight |
