| A | B |
|---|
| Gulf Stream | a warm ocean current, beginning in the Gulf of Mexico, that brings temperate air to Europe |
| North Atlantic Drift | a warm ocean current in the North Atlantic that flows toward the British Isles, keeps northwestern Europe mild |
| Eurasia | a large landmass that includes the continents of Europe and Asia |
| Ural Mountains | a mountain range in central Russia, a boundary between Europe and Asia |
| Caucasus Mountains | a mountain range that forms part of the southern boundary between Europe and Asia |
| Jutland Peninsula | a peninsula in northern Europe |
| Scandinavian Peninsula | a large peninsula in northern Europe where Denmark can be located |
| Kola Peninsula | a peninsula in northern Europe bounded by the Barents and White Seas |
| Carpathian Mountains | a mountain range in eastern Europe |
| Iceland | a European island country in the North Atlantic |
| British Isles | a group of islands off the western coast of Europe, made of Great Britian, Ireland and some small islands |
| Pyrenees Mountains | a mountain range in southwestern Europe |
| Alps Mountains | a major European mountain range from the Mediterranean coast to the Balkan Peninsula |
| Middle Ages | the period in European history between the end of the Roman Empire & the beginning of the modern era, A.D. 500- 1500 |
| feudalism | an economic & political system of Europe in the Middle Ages based on certain obligations |
| lord | a noble in the Middle Ages |
| fief | a large piece of land granted by a king to a lord in exchange for his loyalty |
| vassal | a person who promised to fight when needed by his lord, in exchange for land |
| serf | a person bound to live and work on the land of a noble |
| manor | a self-sufficient farming estate where nobles and serfs lived and worked |
| knight | a son of a noble, who was trained as a soldier and gave military service in exchange for the right to hold land |
| Charlemagne | King of the Franks from 768 to 814 |
