| A | B |
|---|
| Four things that students need to do with the new language: | Be exposed to it, understand its meaning, understand its form and practise it. |
| Scanning | Reading the text for particular bits of information. |
| Skimming | Reading the text to get the general idea of what it is about. |
| Reading for detailed comprehension | Reading a text concentrating on the minutiae of the text. |
| The principles behind the teaching of reading | Active Skill; Engage; Responding to the content of a reading text; Prediction; Matching. |
| Parallel Writing | Students stick to a model they have been given, and where the model guides their own efforts. |
| Altering Dictations | The students should change the sentences as the teacher dictates them so that they reflect their own points of view. |
| Principles behind the teaching of listening | Preparation is vital; Once will not be enough; Students should be encouraged to respond to the content of a listening, not just to the language; Different listening stages demand different listening tasks; Good teachers exploit listening texts to the full. |
| Why teaching listening? | One of the main reasons for getting students to listen to spoken English is to let them hear different varieties and accents. |
