| A | B |
|---|
| dose | the amount of potentially harmful substance that an individual has been exposed to |
| response | the amount of resulting health damage |
| factors that determine if a chemical is harmful | 1. how big the dose during a period of time, 2. how often the exposure, 3. who is exposed, 4. how well the body's detoxification system is |
| acute effect | is an immediate or rapid reaction of exposure |
| chronic effect | long-lasing effect from exposure |
| toxic chemicals | substances fatal to over 50% of test animals at stated concentrations |
| hazardous chemicals | dangerous chemicals; flammable, explosive, irritate or damage the lungs, interfere with oxygen uptake |
| carcinogens | chemical, radiation, or viruses that cause to promote malignant tumors |
| mutagens | agents that cause mutations |
| teratogens | chemicals, radiation, or viruses that cause birth defects |
| lethal dose | the amount of material per unit of body weight of the test organism that kills all the test population in a certain time |
| epidemiology | an attempt to find out why some people get sick and others do not |
