| A | B |
|---|
| Judiciary Act of 1789 | A law that established the federal court system and the Supreme Court and that provided for the appeal of certain state court decisions to the federal courts |
| Alexander Hamilton | An upper class elitist appointed as the first secretary of state. |
| Democratic-Republican | A supporter of strong state governments. |
| Two-party system | A political system dominated by two major parties. |
| Protective tariff | A tax on imported goods that is intended to protect a nation's businesses from foreign competition. |
| John Jay | A diplomat who negotiated a treaty with Britain for the evacuation of British posts in the Northwest Territory. |
| XYZ Affair | A 1797 incident in which French officials demanded a bribe from U.S. diplomats. |
| Alien and Sedition Acts | A series of four laws enacted in 1798 to reduce the political power of recent immigrants to the United States. |
| Cabinet | The group of department heads who serve as the preident's chief advisers. |
| Nullification | A state's refusal to recognize an act of Congress that it considers unconstitutional. |
