| A | B |
|---|
| Psychologist | Ph.D |
| Psychiatrist | M.D. |
| Research | Experimental, Developmental, Psychometric (Stats), Social |
| Applied | Clinical, Counseling, School |
| rationalism | behavior is understood by applying reason - from Plato |
| mechanism | you can understand the behavior of the whole universe by comparing them to machines. lots of logic and reason; no free will? |
| Empiricism | Experience is the source of knowledge psyiology caught up with philosophy > Psychology |
| wilhelm wundt | the father, structuralism, instrospection |
| structuralism | you can understand the human experience by looking at how the human experiences things |
| introspection | record how people felt about certain things - found that its too diverse to study everything about human psyche |
| Wertheimer, Koffka, Wolfgang, Kohler | Gestalt - the whole is different than the sum of its parts |
| William James | publishes the principles of Psychology in 1890 (took him 12 years to write); functionalism |
| functionalism | reason why we think the things we do and how do the things we do help us adapt to our environment |
| Sigmund Freud | Austrian, 1900- wrote the "Interpretation of Dreams"; first theory of personality |
| Freud - first approach | Psychoanalysis |
| Psychoanalysis | experiences we have in childhood will effect us as adults > everything is hidden in our unconcious |
| John B. Watson | American - wanted to only focus on things oyu could observe |
| Second Approach | Behaviorism |
| Behaviorism | learn behavior and personality from environment; worked with raising little kids; thought we learned all our emotions |
| B.F. Skinner | also a Behaviorist - people more agreed with his type of learning > operant learning |
| Operant Learning | if you do something and you like the result, then you keep doing it; positive reinforcement |
| Rogers | unconditional positive regard; give them positive affection no matter what they do; humanism |
| Roger - Third Approach- humanism | have to help yourself; be affectionate and good things will happen |
| Jean Piaget fourth approach-coignitive | what you know and how you know it; focuses on mental processes |
| Piaget also studied wasps and was a... | naturalist |
| Neurobilogical approach | medical approach to psychology; biological cause of things |
| Sociocultural approach | culture and society as an approach; you act b/c the expectations of society or culture |
| Eclectic approach | approach that combines more than one approach |
