| A | B |
|---|
| Mitochondria | Sausage-shaped membranous organelles that are the power plants of the cell, producing most of its ATP. |
| Ribosomes | Small staining granules consisting of protein and ribosomal RNA that are the site of protein synthesis. |
| Rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | ribosomes that manufacture all proteins that are secreted from cells. |
| Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) | A continuation of rough ER, consisting of a looping network of tubules. Its enzymes catalyze reactions involved in several processes. |
| Golgi apparatus | Attaches sugars to proteins & lipids to synthesis glycoproteins & glycolipids. Produces lysosomes. |
| Lysosomes | spherical membranous organelles that digest food molecules & bacteria & old damaged organelles. (cleans up the cell) |
| plasma membrane | The outer boundery of the cell. regulating how substances pass into and out of the cell |
| Integral proteins | Penitrates the bilayer |
| Phospholipid bilayer | composed of two layers of phospholipids lying tail to tail, with their polar heads exposed to water inside and outside the cell. Controls the entry and exit of molecules |
| Osmosis | the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane |
| Diffusion | a process in which substances move directly through the plasma membrane from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
| Filtration | a pressure-driven process that forces water and solutes through a membrane or capillary wall |
| Peripheral proteins | only on one side |
| glycocalyx | the fuzzy, sticky, carbohydrate-rich area surrounding the cell. |
| cytoskeleton | Provides support to the cell. Is found inside the flagella, celia |
| Peroxisomes | membranous sacs containing enzymes, such as oxidases and catalases, which are used to detoxify harmful substances such as alcohol, formaldehyde, and free radicals. |
| Centrioles | 2 barrel shapes stacked on top of each other at a right angle. Help in forming the mitotic spindle during cell division. |
| Cilia | Hairlike cellular extensions on the exposed surfaces of some cells. |
| Flagella | long cellular projections that move the cell through the environment. |
| Nucleus | the control center of the cell and contains the cellular DNA |
| nuclear envelope | a double-membrane barrier surrounding the nucleus (outer membrane) |
| Nucleoli | are dark-staining spherical bodies within the nucleus. are the sites of assembly of ribosomal subunits, and are large in actively growing cells. |
| Chromatin | is roughly half DNA, the genetic material of the cell, and half histone proteins. Condences when cells are dividing to form chromosomes |
