| A | B |
| steep-sided valley cut into mountains by the action of glaciers | fjord |
| rocky island | skerry |
| to move to another country | emigrate |
| country that uses tax money to support people who are sick, needy, jobless, or retired | welfare state |
| manufactured goods such as machinery, mining equipment, and steel | heavy industry |
| desire of a territory or colony to become an independent nation | nationalism |
| wooden room heated by water sizzling on hot stones | sauna |
| group of island | archipelago |
| treeless, windy highland area with damp ground | moor |
| spring of water heated by molten rock inside the earth so that, from time to time, it shoots hot water into the air | geyser |
| electricity produced by natural underground sources of steam | geothermal energy |
| crack in the earth's crust | fault line |
| uppermost layer of the earth | saga |