| A | B |
|---|
| MONARCHY | Rule by a king or queen |
| DYNASTY | A line of rulers who belong to the same family |
| THEOCRACY | Government headed by religious leaders or a leader regarded as a god |
| BUREAUCRACY | A group of government officials headed by an administrator |
| PHARAOH | Title of rulers of ancient Egypt |
| EMPIRE | Group of territories or nations ruled by a single ruler or government |
| POLYTHEISM | Worship of many gods |
| HIEROGLYPHICS | Ancient Egyptian writing system using picture symbols for ideas or sounds |
| ALPHABET | System of symbols or characters that represent the sounds of a language |
| MONOTHEISM | Belief in one God |
| BARTER | A system of trade in which goods, not money, are exchanged |
| CUNEIFORM | Sumerian system of writing using wedge-shaped markings |
| MANDATE | In Ancient China, authority granted by heaven to deserving rulers, called the Mandate of Heaven |
| SUBCONTINENT | Landmass that is part of a continent but distinct from it, such as India |
| DIASPORA | Term for the scattering of communities of Jews outside their original homeland after the Babylonian captivity |
| CITY-STATE | An independent state consisting of a city and the surrounding land and villages |
| MONSOON | Seasonal wind that affects climates and ways of life in southern Asia |
| CONFEDERATION | A loose alliance or union of several states or groups |
| COLONY | A settlement of people outside their homeland, linked with the parent country by trade and direct governmental control |
| COVENANT | A solemn pledge or agreement |
| EXODUS | The departure of a large group of people |
| PROPHET | A person who preaches or interprest what are thought to be messages from God |
