| A | B |
|---|
| Second Industrial Revolution | A period of rapid growth in US manufacturing in the late 1800s |
| Bessemer Process | A way to make steel quickly and cheaply |
| Thomas Edison | An inventor who worked with different uses of electricity and developed a practical electric light bulb |
| Alexander Graham Bell | an inventor who developed the telephone in 1876 |
| Orville and Wilbur Wright | brothers who flew the first gas-powered airplane in 1903 in NC |
| capitalism | economic system in which private businesses own and operate most industries; competition determines the cost of goods as well as the workers’ pay |
| entrepreneurs | people who start new businesses (Captains of Industry) |
| corporations | companies that sell shares of ownership, called stocks, to investors in order to raise money |
| trust | legal arrangement grouping several companies under one board of directors to eliminate competition and regulate production |
| Andrew Carnegie | an admired business leader who controlled the steel industry |
| John D. Rockefeller | a successful man who combined businesses to control the oil industry |
| collective bargaining | process in which union leaders negotiate with factory owners on behalf of workers in a particular business or industry for better wages and working conditions |
| Knights of Labor | the first national union that built a network of local groups in the 1870s that included skilled and unskilled workers |
| AFL | the American Federation of Labor, a union that organized individual national unions of skilled workers only |
| Samuel Gompers | led the AFL |
| Homestead Strike | a violent work stoppage that began on June 29, 1892 at a Carnegie steel plant in Pennsylvania. There were 16 deaths, and the union was defeated. |
| Henry Ford | founded a successful automobile company in 1903 |
| assembly line | a system that moves parts and partly assembled products among factory workers to speed production (mass production) |
