| A | B |
|---|
| Armistice | Cessation of all hostilities prior to the begining of an official peace negotiation |
| Atrocity | Any horrible and violent act against innocent or unarmed |
| Attrition | Act of weakening or exhausting by constant harrasment or abuse |
| Big Bertha | German 420-mm artilery that could shoot one-tons shells 9 miles |
| Collective Indiscipline | Refusal to take orders by military units; objection not to war, but how it was conducted |
| Daylight Savings Time | Invented by British during war to help save coal burning |
| Doughboys | U.S. soldiers |
| "Hanging on a wire" | Slang for dead; also, "gone west" and "bought the farm" |
| Landships | Origional name for tanks |
| Genocide | Activities associated with trying to kill all members of race or ethnicity, soely because of their race or ethnicity |
| What nationalism can serve to do | unify, or cause intense competition between nations |
| Sources of increased rivalry | Competition for markets and materials |
| Territorial disputes | France, over Alsace-Loraine; Austria and Russia, over the Balkans; the Balkans, over their independance |
| Morocco | Germany and France fought over it, most of Europe backed France, so Germany backed down |
| Arms Race of Europe | To be great, you need a powerful army, so thought the military experts of the day, who stressed mobility |
| Bismarks thoughts of France | Germany's greatest threat, must be isolated |
| Dual Alliance | Germany and Austria-Hungry |
| Triple Alliance | Germany, Austria-Hungry, Italy |
| Instability of Bismark's networks | Russia and Austria bitter about the Balkans |
| The effect of challenging Britain's navy | Britians formed entente with France, and later and Triple entente |
| Triple Entente | Britain, France, Russia |
| "Powder Keg" | Balkans; Russia supported, Austria feared |
| Land filled with Slavs that Austria annexed | Bosnia and Herzegovia |
| Assasination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand and Sophie | Shot by Princip, 19, of the Black Hand, in Sarajevo |
| Kaiser Wilhelm's response to the assasination | Urged Austria to be agreesive, offered unconditional support |
| Arminian Massacure | Turks slaughtered them, first genocide of the 20th century |
| First Battle of the Marne | French attack gap in German lines, northwest of Paris. French even used taxis to transport |
| Signifigance of First Battle of the Marne | German retreat left Schlieffen Plan in ruins, the Germans now had a two front war |
| Four types of Allied trenches | Front-line trenches (firing-and-attack); Support trench, assisted with supplies to the front line; Reserve trenches, contained emergency men and supplies; Communication trenches, allowed movement |
| German trenches | Elaborate and sophisicated, had electiricity, beds, tolets, and other niceties |
| Three causes of great powers to become rivals | Nationalism, militarism, socialism |
| Reinsurance Treaty | Pledged nutrality, Russia, Austria-Hungary, Germany |
| Algercias Conference | Major powers upheld France in Morocco |
| Pan-slavism | Movement for Slavic unity |
| Treaty of San Stefano | Romania, Montenegro, Serbia got their independance |
| Terms of Austria's ultimatum | No anti-Austrian activity, no books or teachers without favor of Austrians, Austrian judges to investigate assasnation, must be accepted within 48 hours |
| The Hague | International court wanted by Serbia to investigate assasination |
| Nicholas mobalizes to Russian-German boarder | Russia expected Germany to join Austria, and assured the Kaiser it was only a precaution |
| French "elan" | All that was needed for a quick victory, but the French were no match for German fighters |
| Central Powers | Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire |
| Battle of Tannenberg | Key battle on Eastern Front |
| Girls with yellow hands | Women who worked in munitions factories |
| Zimerman letter | Suggested a lik between Germany and Mexico |
| Allies | Britain, France, Italy, U.S. |
| David Lloyd George | Britian's representative at Versailles |
| Victorio Orlando | Italy's representative at Versailles |
| Clemenceau | France's representative at Versailles |
| Jean Jaures | French socialist who spoke out against the fever of imperialism |
| Lusitania | British passanger ship sank by German U-boat |
| War Guilt Clause | Germany's acceptance of total responsability for the war |
| Treaty of Brest Litovsk | Ended war between Germany and Russia |
| Battle of Somme | British counterattack to relieve French troops at Verdun |
| War in the Balkans | Prompted Jaures to call a conference in Basel in 1913 |
| Machine gun | Deadliest defense weapon in the Great War |
| Best kept secret of the war | French collective indiscipline |
| Humiliating defeat of Allies by the Ottomans | Gallipoli penninsula |
| Allies' goal in Gallipoli | To open the Black Sea to Russia |
