| A | B |
|---|
| nutrient | usable portion of food |
| Calorie | amount of energy that can be obtained from nutrients |
| proteins | nutrients that build and repair |
| amino acids | building blocks of proteins |
| carbohydrates | energy rich nutrients like starches and sugars |
| fats | nutrients that supply energy, insulate the body, and cushion organs |
| vitamins and minerals | micronutrients |
| calcium | mineral that builds strong bones |
| iron | mineral that helps blood carry oxygen |
| Vitamin A | important for skin cells and vision |
| Vitamin C | important for healthy blood vessels and gums |
| enzyme | control a variety of chemical reactions |
| ptyalin | a chemical substance found in saliva |
| digestion | the breaking down of food into simpler substances |
| esophagus | transports food to the stomach |
| peristalsis | waves of contractions that push food along |
| stomach | organ where the food is mixed with gastric juices |
| pepsin | the enzyme in gastric juice |
| small intestine | theorgan in which most digestion takes place |
| liver and pancreas | digestive helpers |
| villi | tiny fingerlike structures |
| large intestine | in this organ bacteria produce vitamins K and B |
| rectum | short tube at the end of the large intestine |
| anus | the opening at the end of the rectum |
