| A | B |
|---|
| The body consists of _______ bones | 206 |
| The body has over ______ muscles | 600 |
| outermost layer of the bone made of fibrous tissue | periosteum |
| dense, hard layers of bone tissue that lie under the periosteum | compact bone |
| contains little spaces like a sponge and is encased in the layers of compact bone | cancellous (spongy) bone |
| membranous lining of the hollow cavity of the bone | endosteum |
| shaft of the long bones | diaphysis |
| ends of the long bone | epiphysis |
| material found in the cavities of the bone | bone marrow |
| thick, blood-like material found in flat bones and the ends of long bones and is the location of blood cell formation | red marrow |
| soft, fatty material found in the medullary cavity of long bones | yellow marrow |
| upper jawbone | maxilla |
| lower jawbone | mandible |
| structure that protects the spinal cord, supports the head and provides a point of attachment for ribs and muscles | vertebral column |
| first set of 7 bones forming the neck | cervical vertebrae (C1-C7) |
| second set of 12 vertebrae that articulate with the 12 pairs of ribs to form the outward curve of the spine | thoracic vertebrae (T1-T12) |
| third set of five larger vertebrae which forms the inward curve of the spine | lumbar vertebrae (L1-L5) |
| five vertebrae which are fused together to form a triangular bone positioned between the two hip bones | sacrum |
| four vertebra fused together to form the tailbone | coccyx |
| part of the vertebral arch | lamina |
| collarbone | clavicle |
| shoulder blade | scapula |
| extension of the scapula which forms the high point of the shoulder | acromion process |
| breastbone | sternum |
| lower portion of the sternum | xiphoid process |
| upper arm bone | humerus |
| lower arm bones | radius and ulna |
| wrist bones | carpal bones |
| hand bones | metacarpal bones |
| finger and toe bones | phalanges (phalanx) |
| made up of three fused bones - the ischium, ilium and pubis | pelvis; pelvic bone or hip bone |
| lower rear portion on which one sits | ischium |
| upper wing-shaped part of the pelvic bone | ilium |
| anterior portion of the pelvic bone | pubis |
| large socket in the pelvic bone for the head of the femur | acetabulum |
| upper leg bone | femur |
| lower leg bones | tibia and fibula |
| kneecap | patella |
| ankle bones | tarsal bones |
| heel bone | calcaneus |
| foot bones | metatarsal bones |
| smooth layer of covering the contacting surface of joints | articular cartilage |
| crescent-shaped cartilage found in the knee | meniscus |
| formed of cartilage and gel and found between each vertebra in the spine | intervertebral disk |
| cartilaginous joint at which 2 pubic bones fuse together | pubis symphysis |
| fluid secreted by the synovial membrane and found in joint cavities | synovia |
| small, fluid-filled sac that allows for easy movement of one part of a joint over another | bursa |
| flexible, tough band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches one bone to another bone at a joint | ligament |
| band of fibrous connective tissue that attaches muscle to bone | tendon |
| strong sheet of tissue that acts as a tendon to attach muscles to bone | aponeurosis |
| voluntary muscles | skeletal or striated muscles |
| located in internal organs - involuntary muscles | smooth or unstriated muscles |
| these involuntary contractions produce the heartbeat | cardiac muscles |
| movement away from the body | abduction |
| movement toward the body | adduction |
| turning the foot outward | eversion |
| turning the foot inward | inversion |
| straightening out of a limb | extension |
| movement where the limb is bent | flexion |
| turning the palm down | pronation |
| turning the palm up | supination |
| projection at the proximal end of the ulna that forms the bony point of the elbow | olecranon process |
| turning around its own axis | rotation |
| organ made up of hard connective tissue with a dense outer layer and spongy inner layer | bone |
| band or sheet of connective tissue that encloses muscles and separates their layers | fascia |
