| A | B |
|---|
| On what river was Rome founded? | Tiber |
| What question typifies Roman achievement? | HOW? |
| What principle means that the law applies equally to all? | Rule of Law |
| What were Rome's early written laws called? | Twelve Tables of Law |
| Rome traces its ancestry all the back to what Trojan prince? | Aeneas |
| What is the form of government in which leaders are elected to represent the people? | Republic |
| What Roman virtue was shown by Aeneas? | Duty to the State and Devotion to Family |
| Who was the first king of Rome? | Romulus |
| What brothers raised by a she wolf founded Rome? | Romulus and Remus |
| On what hill did Romulus begin his town? | Palatine |
| What did the Etruscans share with the earliest Romans? | Horse drawn carriages and Greek religion. |
| What are the two main groups of early Romans? | Patricianas and Plebeians |
| When was the Roman republic established? | 509 B.C. |
| What group threw off the king and set up a republican government? | Patricians |
| Who were the Patricians? | Landowners |
| What milestone in representative government did the Plebeians reach in 494 B.C.? | They formed their own assembly |
| What class of everyday people lived in Rome? | Plebeians |
| Between 494 and 287, some plebeians gradually gained wealth and more social and political privileges. This is: | Struggle for the Orders |
| During the Roman Republic (509-44 B.C.) how did Rome expand its territory? | It conquered Italy and became the power in the Mediterranean |
| What 3 war series was fought against Rome's great North African rival, Carthage? | The Punic Wars |
| Who was the famous Carthaginian general who brought elephants over the Alps to invade Italy? | Hannibal |
| Who wept as he salted the earth of Carthage under orders that the city must be destroyed? | Scipio Africanus |
| The rise to power of what great leader marked the official end of the Roman republic? | Julius Caesar |
| What conquest brought Caesar fame and the support of the army? | Campaign in Gaul and Britain |
| What area is now Gaul? | France and Switzerland |
| How are Roman legions organized? | 6500 men divided into cohorts |
| What formation was the Roman model for battle? | Square |
| When was Julius Caesar assassinated? | The Ides of March 44 B.C. |
| Who succeeded Julius Caesar and became Rome's first emperor? | Octavian (Caesar Augustus) |
| When did the Roman Empire begin? | 29.B.C. |
| What is the Pax Romana? | The Roman Peace maintained by legions and law to protect trade. |
| What did Rome do to rule conquered people? | Let them keep their customs and religion besides extending citizenship to some. |
| Why were Christians persecuted by later Roman emperors? | They would not acknowledge the divinity of the emperor. |
| What engineering achievements bound the empire together? | 50,000 miles of stone paved roads and extensive aqueducts |
| Who lead the most successful (almost) slave uprising? | Spartacus |
| To occupy the many hungry and jobless Romans, what did emperors give the people? | Bread and Circuses |
| Where would Romans watch cariot racing? | Circus Maximus |
| Where would Romans watch gladiator fights and naval battles? | Colosseum |
| Who was the last good emperor who was a Stoic? | Marcus Aurelius |
| What were some problems that brought about the fall of the Roman Empire? | Corrupt emperors, army had too much power, too large a land to maintain, failure of civic virtue, Christianity |
| What emperor recognized Christianity was legal? | Constantine in 313 A.D. |
| What did Constantine do to change the empire politically? | He divided it into Roman West and Constantinople East |
| What is another name for Constantinople? | Byzantium |
| What does SPQR mean? | The imperium (authority) of the Senate and People of Rome |
| What barbarians sacked Rome in 455? | Vandals |
| List 5 legacies of Rome to the Western world. | Rule of law, republican government, engineering (aqueducts, domes, arches and valut), Latin and Roman language, calendar. |
