| A | B |
|---|
| OPPORTUNISTIC PATHOGEN | DOES NOT CAUSE DISEASE UNDER NORMAL CIRCUMSTANCES BUT MAY CAUSE TROUBLE IN ABNORMAL LOCATION, WHEN IMMUNE SYSTEM IS SUPPRESSED, ETC. |
| SYMBIOSIS | ORGANISMS LIVING TOGETHER |
| MUTUALISM | 2 ORGANISMS LIVING TOGETHER; BOTH BENEFIT |
| ETIOLOGY | THE CAUSE OF THE DISEASE |
| SIGNS | CHANGES DUE TO DISEASE THAT CAN BE OBSERVED OR MEASURED |
| SYMPTOMS | CHANGES DUE TO DISEASE THAT CANNOT BE OBSERVED OR MEASURED |
| CONTAGIOUS DISEASE | EASILY SPREAD FROM ONE PERSON TO ANOTHER |
| SPORADIC DISEASE | OCCURS ONLY OCCASIONALLY |
| NORMAL FLORA | MICROBES THAT ARE CONSIDERED NORMAL INHABITANTS OF AN ANIMAL BODY |
| COMMENSALISM | 2 ORGANISMS LIVE TOGETHER, ONE IS BENEFITTED AND THE OTHER IS UNAFFECTED |
| PARASITISM | 2 ORGANISMS LIVING TOGETHER; ONE IS BENEFITTED AND THE OTHER IS HARMED |
| COMMUNICABLE DISEASE | A DISEASE THAT SPREADS FROM ONE HOST TO ANOTHER |
| NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASE | DOES NOT SPREAD FROM ONE HOST TO ANOTHER |
| ENDEMIC DISEASE | ALWAYS PRESENT IN A POPULATION (USUALLY AT A LOW LEVEL) |
| EPIDEMIC DISEASE | MANY PEOPLE COME DOWN WITH DISEASE IN A SHORT TIME |
| ACUTE DISEASE | DEVELOPS RAPIDLY; LASTS ONLY A SHORT TIME |
| SYSTEMIC INFECTION | MICROBES OR THEIR PRODUCTS SPREAD THROUGHOUT THE BODY |
| FOCAL INFECTION | AGENTS ENTER BLOOD OR LYMPH; SPREAD TO OTHER PARTS OF THE BODY AND REMAIN CONFINED THERE |
| SEPTICEMIA | BACTERIA ARE LIVING AND MULTIPLYING IN THE BLOOD |
| SECONDARY INFECTION | OCCURS AFTER A PRIMARY INFECTION HAS WEAKENED DEFENSES |
| RESERVOIR (OF INFECTION) | LIVING OR NONLIVING LOCATION WHERE PATHOGENS SURVIVE & MAY SPREAD |
| ZOONOSIS | ANIMAL DISEASE THAT SPREADS TO HUMANS |
| VECTOR | ANIMAL THAT CARRIES PATHOGEN FROM ONE HOST TO ANOTHER |
| PANDEMIC DISEASE | WORLDWIDE EPIDEMIC |
| CHRONIC DISEASE | DEVELOPS SLOWLY; CONTINUES OR RECURS FOR LONG PERIODS |
| LOCAL INFECTION | LIMITED TO A SMALL AREA OF THE BODY |
| BACTEREMIA | BACTERIA IN THE BLOOD |
| TOXEMIA | PRESENCE OF TOXINS IN THE BLOOD |
| PRODROMAL PERIOD | PERIOD OF EARLY MILD SYMPTOMS |
| ASYMPTOMATIC CARRIER | PERSON DOES NOT DEVELOP DISEASE BUT CARRIES PATHOGEN AND MAY SPREAD IT TO OTHERS |
| FOMITE | NONLIVING OBJECT TRANSMITS DISEASE FROM ONE PERSON TO ANOTHER |
| EPIDEMIOLOGY | SCIENCE THAT STUDIES PATTERNS OF DISEASE OCCURENCE TO DETERMINE CAUSE, ORIGINAL SOURCE OF PATHOGEN, CONNECTION BETWEEN CASES, ETC. |
| PATHOGENESIS | MANNER IN WHICH THE DISEASE DEVELOPS |
| BACTERIOCINS | PROTEINS PRODUCED BY BACTERIA TO KILL OTHER UNRELATED BACTERIA |
| INCIDENCE OF DISEASE | FRACTION OF POPULATION THAT CONTRACTS THE DISEASE IN A PARTICULAR TIME PERIOD |
| PREVALENCE OF DISEASE | FRACTION OF POPULATION HAVING THE DISEASE AT A SPECIFIED TIME |
| LATENT DISEASE | CAUSATIVE AGENT ENTERS THE BODY & REMAINS DORMANT FOR SOME TIME BUT LATER BECOMES ACTIVE |
| INCUBATION PERIOD | TIME BETWEEN INITIAL INFECTION & APPEARANCE OF SIGNS OR SYMPTOMS |
| VIRULENCE | DEGREE OF PATHOGENICITY |
| DROPLET TRANSMISSION | PATHOGEN TRAVELS FROM ONE HOST TO ANOTHER THROUGH AIR--TRAVELS 1 METER OR LESS |
| AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION | PATHOGEN TRAVELS FROM ONE HOST TO ANOTHER THROUGH AIR--TRAVELS MORE THAN 1 METER |
| BIOLOGICAL VECTOR | PATHOGEN MUST UNDERGO A NECESSAARY STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT INSIDE ANIMAL (OFTEN INSECT) |
| MECHANICAL VECTOR | PATHOGEN IS PICKED UP & CARRIED ON OUTSIDE OF ANIMAL (OFTEN INSECT) |
