| A | B |
|---|
| WD--CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY | A government in which a king rules and his powers are limited by a written document that outlines the basic rights of people and the powers of government |
| WD--ABSOLUTISM | A government in which the ruler's power is unlimited |
| WD--DIVINE RIGHT OF KINGS | the idea that rulers receive their authority from God and are answerable only to God |
| WD--BALANCE OF POWER | A defensive strategy in which weak countries join together to match or exceed the power of a stronger country |
| He led England after Charles I | Oliver Cromwell |
| Problems Charles I had with Parliament | religious differences with Puritans, financial difficulties, political differences with Puritans |
| They won the English Civil War | Roundheads |
| This event caused the English Civil War to begin | Attempt by Charles I to arrest members of Parliament |
| This side in the English Civil War was made up of middle class, city dwellers, Puritans, and members of House of Commons | Roundheads |
| He became the king when James I died | Charles I |
| Main issues of the English Civil War | Control of the Anglican Church, who had the power, Parliament or the king |
| Dynasty restored after Cromwell died | Stuart |
| William and Mary signed this to gain the throne of England | Bill of Rights |
| Nobles, Catholics, Anglicans, and rural landholders in English Civil War | Cavaliers |
| The fate of Charles I | beheaded |
| Period when Charles II regained the throne | Restoration |
| Political philosopher who wrote Leviathan | Thomas Hobbes |
| English Calvinists | Puritans |
| When Parliament invited William and Mary to take the English throne from James II | Glorious Revolution |
| The Protectorate was what kind of government? | military dictatorship |
| Beliefs of John Locke | People have the right to overthrow the government, People are sovereign, Purpose of govt to protect the life, liberty and property of citizens, Monarchs are not chosen by God |
| Provisions of the Bill of Rights | Only Parliament could levy taxes, Illegal for king to make or suspend laws, Parliament meets once a year, People have right to petition the king |
| Political party which supported the monarchy | Tories |
| Political party which supported Parliament | Whigs |
| Beliefs of Thomas Hobbes | Strong rulers to control the people, citizens surrender their rights to king, people are bad |
| Main result of the Petition of Right | Limited the king's power |
| Results of the Glorious Revolution | Ended absolute monarchy in England, Bill of Rights written, Parliament stronger than king |
| Sun King | Louis XIV |
| Theory which justified absolute rule in Europe | divine right |
| How Peter the Great "westernized" Russia | Built St. Petersburg and made it Russia's capital |
| 3 examples of how Peter "westernized" Russia during his reign | Men now shaved their beards, Western clothing introduced, dances/parties held on regular basis |
| Enlarged Versailles | Louis XIV |
| Why Versailles was built | official residence of France's court, symbol of royal power, showed importance of France |
| Achievements of Peter the Great | Central bureaucracy, modern army, expanded Russia |
| Frederick the Great emphasized this | military power |
| Absolute rulers of Europe | Louis XIV, Frederick the Great, Peter the Great |
| Dynasty which ruled Prussia | Hohenzollern |
| Russian city known as "Window on the West" | St. Petersburg |
| An accused person has the right to a speedy trial with a stated cause | habeas corpus |
| Name of Parliamentary army under Cromwell | New Model Army |
| Dynasty which ruled Austria | Hapsburg |
| Countries which had absolute monarchs | France, Austria, Prussia |
| Maria Theresa ruled here | Austria |
| Peter the Great ruled here | Russia |
| William and Mary ruled here | England |
| Frederick the Great ruled here | Prussia |
| James II ruled here | England |
| Catherine the Great ruled | Russia |
| Characteristics of absolutism | Centralization of power, divine right of kings, unlimited power of king |
| Leader of Parliamentary Forces during English Civil War | Cromwell |
| Established power of Parliament over king in 1689 | Bill of Rights |
