| A | B |
|---|
| earthquake | The shaking that results from the movement of rock beneath Earth's surface. |
| stress | The force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume. |
| shearing | Stress that pushes a mass of rock in opposite directions. |
| tension | Stress that stretches rock so that it becomes thinner in the middle. |
| compression | Stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks. |
| deformation | A change in the volume or shape of Earth's crust. |
| fault | A break in Earth's crust where slabs of rock slip past each other. |
| strike-slip fault | A type of fault where rocks on either side move past each other sideways with little up-or-down motion. |
| normal fault | A type of fault where the hanging wall slides downward, caused by tension in the crust. |
| hanging wall | The block of rock that forms the upper half of a fault. |
| footwall | The block of rock that forms the lower half of a fault. **This is the half that is being leaned ON.** |
| reverse fault | A type of fault where the hanging wall slides upward. |
| fault-block mountain | A mountain that forms where a normal fault uplifts a block of rock. |
| folds | Bends in rock that form where part of Earth's crust is compressed. |
| anticline | An upward fold in rock formed by compression of Earth's crust. |
| syncline | A downward fold in rock formed by compression in Earth's crust. |
| plateau | A large area of flat land elevated high above sea level. |
