| A | B |
|---|
| Joseph McCarthy | anticommunist crusader; infringed upon liberties to find reds; he condemned writers, actors, officials, etc. as communists and ruined many careers; when he accused the army, they fought back and tore him down on television; was dropped from senate for action “unbecoming of a member" |
| Dwight Eisenhower | Republican nomination in 1952; won with no real trouble; middle of the road approach on government; was widely liked for his smile; 8 years as president were highly prosperous. |
| Earl Warren | Supreme Court judge who fought for equality; got the Brown v Board of Education court hearings started, led the Supreme Court during a time of liberal decision making. |
| Rosa Parks | took a seat in a “whites only” section of the bus and refused to give it up; was arrested and made blacks boycott buses for one full year; December 1955 in Montgomery, Alabama |
| Martin Luther King, Jr. | Montgomery, Alabama preacher which headed the equality movement; non-violent protestor which gain great popularity, assassinated. |
| Ho Chi Minh | Ruled North Vietnam and was a communist nationalist. |
| Ngo Dinh Diem | Ruled Southern Vietnam; pro-western government. |
| Gamal Abdel Nasser | Egyptian president which nationalized the building of the Nile dam, causing problems with Britain and the United States. |
| Nikita Khrushchev | communist party boss which denounced Stalin; was the current leader of the Soviets during the Cold War after Stalin's death. |
| Fidel Castro | lead a Cuban revolution in 1959; then nationalized and sold the American goods and property on the island; became a strong supporter of the Soviet Union, wanted to destroy the United States during the Cuban Missile Crisis. |
| John F. Kennedy | became president in 1960; was the youngest president and first to be elected primarily on appearance, further committed American forces to Viet Nam, supported Civil Rights movement, assassinated. |
| McCarthyism | Labels for unfairness and fear that a democratic society can unleash only as its peril. |
| Desegregation | To bring equality and stop the allowing of "white only" and "black only" areas and public facilities, directly a result of Brown v. Board of Education. |
| "Massive retaliation" | What would happen if Soviets got out of hand; done by a fleet of bombers carrying nuclear weapons; supported during the Eisenhower administration. |
| Military-industrial complex | The unification of military and industry that would give a big price tag to Uncle Sam. |
| Brown v. Board of Education | Courts ruling that segregation in schools were unconstitutional. |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | Early decision, which said the "separate but equal" schooling was constitution; destroyed by Brown v. Board. |
| Civil Rights Act of 1957 | Set up Civil Rights Commission to investigate violations of civil rights and authorized federal injustion on protection of voting rights. |
| Geneva Conference | First signs of the ending of the cold war and the atomic disarmament. |
| Hungarian Revolt | Hungarians revolted for their freedom but Soviets crushed them with tanks. |
| Suez Crisis | British and French were fighting for oil against communists in middle east; the dam on the Nile which became nationalized, threatened the flow of oil into Europe; was at the point of fighting, but America intervened and stopped the crisis. |
| Eisenhower Doctrine | Aid to Middle East against communist aggression, military and economic aid. |
| Landrum-Griffith Act | Designed to bring labor leaders to book for financial shenanigans and prevent bullying tactics. |
| U-2 Incident | American spy plane was shot down deep in the heart of Russia; Eisenhower took full responsibility for the incident. |
| Sputnik | First satellite to enter atmosphere; sent by the Soviets. |
| "Missile gap" | The gap between Soviet and American missile usage and things they could do with it. |
| National Defense Education Act | Threat of Sputnik made America look upon its education institutions as too easygoing; this act gave 887 million dollars to the improvement of education and scholarships. |
| White Citizen's Councils | Created in the wake of the Montgomery bus boycott by whites to oppose integration. These groups protested at integration rallies and took on political causes to support the old ways of the south. |
