| A | B |
|---|
| civilians | people not in the army |
| blues, Billy Yank, Yankees | Names for soldiers in the North's army |
| grays, Johnny Reb, Rebels | names for soldiers in the South's army |
| cone-shaped bullets | these made rifles twice as accurate |
| malaria, pneumonia | diseases which killed more men than bullets and cannon shells |
| amputation | routine surgery |
| Copperheads | Northerners who wanted to compromise with the South and thought the South should be able to leave the Union. |
| bounties | payments to men who enlisted in the army |
| draft | requirement of all men between the ages of 20-45 to serve in the military. |
| habeas corpus | right to have a hearing before being jailed |
| draft riot | worst in N.Y. City in 1863. Whites murdered almost 100 free blacks. |
| Georgia | Confederate state that threatened to secede from the Confederacy. |
| Southern draft law | If one owned or supervised more than 20 slaves he did not have to serve in the army. |
| Slaves in Confederate uniforms? | because of severe southern losses the South was considering using slaves as soldiers. War ended before that could happen |
| First income tax law | In 1861 Congress passed this law taxing wages to help pay the war debt |
| $400 million | amount "greenback" dollars printed in the North to pay war debt |
| inflation | a rise in prices caused by an increase in the amount of money in circulation |
| war benefits | more machines were being used and farm production increased |
| profiteers | ones who overcharged the government for goods desperately needed in the war |
| tax-in-kind | South's law which required southern farmers to give 1/10 of their crop to the government |
| Confederate dollar | By 1865 one Confederate dollar was worth only 2 cents in gold. |
| Women in the war | Many served as nurses, some as soldiers, spies, and factory workers. |
| Clara Barton | Civil War nurse and founder of the American Red Cross |
| Sojourner Truth | Former slave who worked in Union hospitals and in the camps for the freed slaves |
| Dorothea Dix | Prison and mental hospital reformer who became superintendent of nurses for the Union army. |
