| A | B |
|---|
| plant kingdom | autotroph |
| adult form | sessile |
| plant kingdom | multicellular adult |
| plant kingdom | alternation of generation |
| autotroph | makes its own sugar |
| autotroph | phototroph |
| autotroph | uses chloroplast organelles |
| multicellular adult | each cell produces its own protien, fats and ATP |
| multicellular adult | produces DNA and every cell specializes so that the tissues can be formed |
| multicellular adult | forms vascular and ground tissues |
| alternation of generation | two types of adult forms |
| all species have cell walls | made from the chemical cellulose |
| all living cells | must be surrounded by water |
| If species are on land | have problems with dehydration |
| solutions used by plants | covered the surface with dead cells,(bark) |
| structures where photosynthesis is done | a lipid is secreted and it forms a layer between the environment and the cells |
| layer between the environment and the cells | cuticle |
| gametes have to be released by | the male |
| gametophyte adult traps the water underneath it | and releases the gamete into the water, (primative) |
| coat the male gamete with a protective layer | and release it into the air (pollen) |
| bryophyte | moss |
| conifers | cones |
| angiosperm | flowers |
| adult form (moss) | 2mm=h |
| moss | nonvascular, no specialized cells(xylem or phulm) to transport chemicals |
| moss | all structures above ground are protected by the cuticle layer |
| adult form (moss) | gametophyte adult |
| adult form (moss) | produces gametes |
| adult form (moss) | spores |
| sporophyte adult (moss) | black or brown |
| gametophyte adult (moss) | feeds the sporophyte adult |
| moss | gametophyte dominant |
| structure in gametophyte(moss) | antheridium |
| structure in gametophyte (moss) | archegonium |
| rhizoids (moss) | absorb nutrients and act like a root |
| rhizoids (moss) | lack digestive enzymes and vascular tissue |
| Epiphytes | moss grows on the other species but do not harm the species it's growing on |
| phylum pterophyta | ferns |
| sporophyte dominant(2N) | ferns |
| sporophyte adult (fern) | produces vascular tissue |
| fern | both adults can do photosynthesis |
| rhizome (ferns) | an underground stem used by several sporophyte adults |
| epidermis tissue (ferns) | these cells are at the surface and at maturity they die (skin) |
| epidermis tissue (ferns) | some of cells secrete a chemical called cuticle into the ECF |
| cuticle (ferns) | this wax stops dehydration |
| vascular tissues (ferns) | these tissues are used to transport water and nutrients to cells in the plant |
| xylem tissue (ferns) | conducts H2O from the roots to the leaves |
| xylem tissue (ferns) | at maturity cells in this tissue dies |
| xylem tissue (ferns) | the organelles and the nucleus are removed and all that remains is the cell wall |
| cell wall (ferns) | tracheid |
| phloem tissue (ferns) | transports sugar and nutrients from the leaves to the other cells |
| phloem tissue (ferns) | two cells create this tissue, member and companion cell |
| phloem tissue (ferns) | at maturity both cells maintain their cytoplasm but the member cell removes its nucleus and ribosomes |
| ground tissue (ferns) | these cells are used to create vascular tissue and epidermal tissue |
| ground tissue (ferns) | this embryotic tissue is maintained throughout the life of the sporophyte adult |
