| A | B |
|---|
| matter | has mass and takes up space, made up of atoms |
| states of matter | plasma, solid, liquid and gas |
| solid | definite shape and definite volume |
| liquid | definite volume, no definite shape |
| gas | no definite shape and no definite volume |
| plasma | electrically charged particles with no definite shape and no definite volume |
| protons | positively charged particles in the nucleus of the atom |
| electron | negatively charged particles located in the electron cloud |
| neutron | uncharged particles in the nucleus of an atom |
| nucleus of an atom | contains the protons and the neutrons |
| electron cloud | electron are located here |
| mass of an atom | located in the nucleus of the atom |
| space of the atom | taken up by the electron cloud |
| atomic number | number of protons and electron in one atom of the element |
| # of neutrons | Atomic mass minus the atomic number |
| metals | shiny, good conductors, malleable |
| non metals | dull, poor conductor of heat, brittle |
| metalloids | have characteristics of both the metals and the non metals |
| atomic numbers 57-71 | Rare earth elements |
| atomic numbers 89-103 | radioactive rare earth elements |
| element | same kind of atoms joined together |
| compound | two or more different kinds of atoms joined in a chemical reaction |
| molecule | the smallest part of a compound |
| mixture | two or more elements or compounds that have joined without a chemical reaction |
| evaporation | can be used to seperate a mixture |
| solution | special kind of mixture where one substance is dissolved into another substance |
| solvent | more abundant part of a solution |
| solute | less abundant part of the solution |
| heterogenous mixture | mixture in which substances are distributed evenly |
| homogeneous mixture | mixture where substances are distributed evenly throughout |
| substance | anything that contains only on e kind of material, either an element or a compound |
| physical property | characteristic of a material that can be observed or measured |
| volume | the amount of space an object or a material occupies |
| density | mass dived by volume |
| mass | the amount of matter in an object or a material |
| chemical change | the identity of a substance changes |
| physical changes | physical properties change but the substance does not change |
| chemical property | any characterisitic that gives a substance the ability to undergo a chemical change |
| condensation | from a gas to a liquid |
| evaporation | from a liquid to a gas |
| freezing point | from a liquid to a solid |
| melting | from a solid to a liquid |
| boiling point | from a liquid to a gas |
