| A | B |
|---|
| sugar exp. light blue = | no sugar |
| sugar exp. lt green-red= | sugar is present |
| squeezing action of digestive muscles | peristalsis |
| mechanical digestion prepares food for | chemical digestion |
| chemical digestion breaks chemical bonds to | prepare nutrients for absorption |
| simple sugars are also called | monosaccharides |
| 3 major food types are | carbohydrates, proteins, & fats |
| major work of chemical digestion happens here | duodenum |
| controls the speed at which food moves thru the digestive tract | sphincters |
| complex sugars are also called | dissacharides |
| saliva contains | salivary amylase |
| amylase begins chemical digestion of | starch |
| this enzyme is only active along with HCL | pepsin |
| what do you call an experiment when you know the answer | a control |
| digestive muscles work in both a | circular and longitudinal fashion |
| what chemical did we use to test for sugar | benedict solution |
| what chemical did we use to test for starch | lugol solution |
| pepsin + HCL begin digestion of | protein |
| starch and sugar are both | carbohydrates |
| duodenum | first section of the small intestine |
| what neutralizes stomach acid and digests protein sugar and fat | pancreatic secretions |
| major source of energy for the body | carbohydrates |
| starches have to be broken down to these in order to be absorbed | simple sugars |
| food must be broken down both | mechanicall and chemically in order to pass into the bloodstream |
| what allows one way movement | sphincters |
| tennis ball exp. oil represented | mucus |
| fats are absorbed into the | lymphatic system |
| completion of digestion is done by digestive juices from | liver, pancreas & small intestine |
| starches begin the digestive process in the | mouth |
| starches are also called | polysaccarides |
| enzymes from the small intestine | break chyme into absorbable nutrients |
| Bile is | produced in the liver and stored in the gall bladder |
| bile breaks down | fat from larger to smaller bits |
| excess water is absorbed | into the bloodstream from the large intestine |
| in the presence of lugol sol'n | starches become dark blue/black |
| most nutrients enter the bloodstream | through caplillary walls |
| active transport requires | energy |
| diffusion is also called | passive transport and requires no energy |
| humans need this because their bodies require large amounts of nutrients | a large surface area in the digestive system |
| mucus does both | protects the walls of the digestive tract and helps move food thru the system |
| each organ belongs to at least one | body system |
| condition caused by overeating or a poor sphincter | gastro-esophageal reflux |
| digested food + gastic enzymes = | chyme |
| not enough mucus or bacteria in the stomach | ulcers |
| what protects the stomach from gastic fluids | mucus |
| in the stomach carbohydrates and fats are mechanicall digested but not | chemically |
| glands of the stomach secrete | pepsin, HCL, & mucus |
| food remains in the stomach for up to | 4 hours |
| which digestion happens in the stomach | chemical digestion of protein and mechanical |
| mechanical digestion begins | in the mouth |
| what is special about the internal surface area of the small intestine | villi and microvilli increase the surface area |
| nutrients which do not come into contact with the walls of the small intestine can't be | absorbed |
| villi and microvilli increase the surface area | 600 Xs |
| mechanical digestion continues in the small intestine thru | peristalsis |
| human body is made of | systems |
| systems are made of | organs |
| organs are made of | tissues |
| which are made of | cells |
| digestive enzymes are specific | they act only on one type of nutrient |
