| A | B |
|---|
| DNA | deoxiribose nucleic acid; nucleic acid located in the cell; code for proteins |
| nucleotides | monomer of nucleic acids; three parts (sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base) |
| nitrogenous bases | two types: purines (A, G), pyrimadines (T, C, U) |
| double helix | the shape of DNA |
| purines | single ring nitrogenous base |
| pyramidine | double ring nitrogenous base |
| semiconservative replication | a new strand of DNA is made of one side of the template and one of the new strand |
| helicase | enzyme that unwinds the DNA |
| DNA polymerase | adds new nucleotides to the DNA templatef |
| RNA primer | allows the DNA to be replicated |
| ligase | "glues" the nucleotides together in the lagging strand |
| replication fork | area in the DNA strand that replication occurs in the direction of |
| Chargaff's rule | amount of A=T and C=G |
| Adenine | A; purine and mathces with thymine |
| Thymine | T; pyrimadine and matches with adenine |
| Guanine | G; purine and matches with cytocine |
| Cytocine | C pyrimadine and matches with guanine |
| Watson and Crick | "discovered" the shape of DNA |
| deoxyribose | sugar of DNA |
| hydrogen bond | bond between the nitrogenous bases |
| phosphodiester bond | between two nucleotides; the phosphate of one and the sugar of another |
| antiparallel | like a interstate; running in an opposite direction and parallel |
| 5'-3' direction | direction in which replication occurs |
| triplet | a group of three nucleotides in DNA |
| phosphate | one part of a nucleotide; alternates with deoxyribose to form the backbone |
| Okasaki fragments | segments of DNA replicated on the lagging strand |
| lagging strand | the template strand that runs 5'-3' already |
| leading strand | new DNA is replicated continously; template runs in a 3'-5' direction |
| mitosis | DNA is replicated in preparation for cell division |
| meiosis | DNA in the form of chromosomes (go from 2n to n) |
