| A | B |
|---|
| Dominant Gene | Strong form of a gene |
| Recessive Gene | Weak form of a gene |
| Genotype | Combination of genes that determines what you look like |
| Phenotype | Physical characteristics |
| Reproductive Cell | Sex cell (egg or sperm) |
| Replication | The process of DNA being copied |
| Captial letters | Represent dominant genes |
| Lower case letters | Represent recessive genes |
| Trait | Different forms of a characteristic such as brown hair, blonde hair, red hair |
| Mitosis | Cell division that results in identical cells with the same # of chromosomes |
| Gregor Mendel | The Austrian monk who discovered that traits are inherited |
| DNA | The message for traits found in your chromosomes (Dioxyribonucleic acid) |
| Gene | A portion of a DNA strand with a specific message |
| Pea Plant | Gregor Mendel used this plant when he discovered that traits were passed on. |
| Gene | one set of instructions for an inherited trait |
| Chromosome | A structure in the nucleus that is made up of DNA and protein |
| Meiosis | cell division in sexual reproduction resulting in eggs/sperm |
| Haploid Cells | Cells that contain only half the number of chromosomes for the organism |
| Diploid Cell | A cell with a complete set of chromosomes for an organism |
| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid, a molecule containing information that determines the traits of an organism |
| Incomplete Dominance | A situation in which neither gene masks the other |
| Hybrid Trait | A trait that is determined by two different messages for a trait |
| Pure-bred Trait | Trait that is made up of two of the same messages for a trait |
| Mutation | A sudden change in a gene or chromosome |
| Dominant Trait | A trait that is determined by the strong gene |
| Recessive Trait | The trait caused by the weaker gene; shows only when purebred |
| Sexual Reproduction | Reproduction with two parents; offspring are a blend of the two parents |
| Asexual Reproduction | Reproduction with one parent; offspring are identical to parent |
| Inherited Traits | Traits that are passed from parent to offspring |
| Punnett Square | A tool used to predict the probability of traits of offspring |
| Characteristic | An aspect of a person such as hair color, eye color, skin color |
| Sex-Linked Trait | A trait that comes from a gene on the X or Y chromosome |
| Selective Breeding | Choosing the parents for desired traits in offspring |
| 4 base pairs in DNA | Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C) |
| Adenine matches with | Thymine |
| Cytosince matches with | Guanine |
| Guanine matches with | Cytosine |
| Cytosince matches wtih | Guanine |
| Inherited Trait | Traits determined by genes that you get from your parents |
| Acquired Trait | Traits you develop or learn as you grow older |
