| A | B |
|---|
| Mentioned often in the New Testament and influential among the common people who respected them for their strict faithfulness to the Covenant. | Pharisees |
| A priestly class who worked out accommodations with their overlords. | Sadducees |
| A group that withdrew from Jewish society altogether in order to observe strict religious traditions. | Essenes |
| At the time of Abraham, part of a number of Jewish tribes known collectively as this | Hebrews |
| A word that means “fathers and leaders of a family or a people,” for example, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. | patriarchs |
| Released the Jews in Babylon from exile in 538 b.c.e. | Persians |
| Great warriors appointed to fight Israel’s enemies. | Judges |
| Small colonies of faithful Jews dispersed around the Mediterranean. | Diaspora |
| Descendants of the old northern tribes of the kingdom of Israel, rejected by the Jews after the Exile. | Samaritans |
| One of two main classes of leaders among the Jews, this one responsible for teaching the Law of Moses. | Scribes |
| Destroyers of Jerusalem and its Temple in 70 c.e. | Romans |
