| A | B |
|---|
| scalawag | any white southerner who helped the Republicans |
| carpetbaggers | northerners who had left the North in a hurry to take advantage of profits to be made in the South |
| reasons why northerners went south | fortune hunters, Union soldiers who had grown to love the South's rich land, and many wanted to help the freedmen |
| offices held by blacks in the South | sheriffs, mayors, and legislators |
| 3rd major group in the South | Freedmen |
| South Carolina | here only did blacks have a majority in the legislature |
| Hiram Revels--Blanche Bruce | Mississippi senators |
| Conservatives | Democratic white southerners who wanted the South to change as little as possible |
| Ku Klux Klan or KKK | secret society which used threats, violence, and murder to intimidate blacks in the South |
| Reconstructive government progress | rebuilt railroads, telegraph lines, bridges, roads, created schools for black and white children |
| Industry in the South | iron, steel, and cotton |
| Birmingham, Alabama | Called the "Pittsburg of the South" because of its iron production |
| Problems in the South | higher taxes and corrupt government |
| Freedmen's circumstances | Had their freedom but few had resources for land and animals |
| sharecroppers | ones who borrowed seed, fertilizer, tools, and land and in return they paid the landowners with a share of the crop they grew |
| poverty | because many over extended themselves by buying things on credit this cycle continued |
| Blanche K. Bruce | 1st African American to serve a full term in the U.S. Senate |
| politics | area that many African Americans entered to change the way of southern life |
| Capableness of blacks in government | "were as a rule studious, earnest, ambitious men whose political conduct... would be honorable to any race." |
| 1870-1875 | Reconstruction ends and Grant is reelected during these years |
