| A | B |
|---|
| Memory | process by which we recollect prior experiences and information and skills learned in the past |
| Episodic Memory | memory of a specific event |
| Flashbulb Memory | special kind of episodic memory in which we recall events in great detail |
| generic memory | general knowledge that people remember |
| procedural memory | It consists of the skills, or procedures, you have learned. Examples are riding a bike and skipping rope |
| encoding | the translation of information into a form in which it can be stored |
| storage | the second process of memory...the maintenance of encoded information over a period of time |
| maintenance rehearsal | repeating information over and over again |
| retrieval | locating stored information and returning it to conscious thought |
| context-dependent memory | memory formed from the situation in which a person first had the experience being remembered |
| state-dependent memory | Memories that are retrieved because the mood in which they were originally encoded is recreated |
| tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon | You feel you know something but cannot seem to verbalize it |
| sensory memory | first stage of memory that consists of the immediate, initial recording of information that enters through our senses |
| iconic memory | Like snapshots. They are accurate photographic memories |
| eidetic memory | The ability to remember visual stimuli over long periods of time..photographic memory |
| echoic memory | Mental traces of sounds, called echoes, are held in a sensory register |
| short-term memory | Working Memory....Usually lasts about 20 seconds |
| primacy effect | The tendency to recall the initial items in a series of items |
| recency effect | the tendency to recall the last items in a series |
| chunking | the organization of items into familiar or manageable units |
| interference | occurs when new information appears in short-term memory and takes the place of what is already there |
| long-term memory | third stage of memory..which contains more information than an encyclopedia or a computer's hard drive |
| schema | The mental representations that we form of the world by organizing bits of information into knowledge |
| recognition | Identifying objects or events that have been encountered before |
| recall | To bring it back to mind |
| relearning | We can usually relearn fairly rapidly things we once knew but have forgotten |
| decay | the fading away of a memory |
| infantile amnesia | Forgetting of early events before the age of 3 |
| anterograde amnesia | Memory loss from trauma that prevents a person from forming new memories |
| retrograde amnesia | People forget the period leading up to a traumatic event |
