| A | B |
|---|
| Personality | person's unique and relatively stable behavior patterns |
| Character | implies that a person has been judged or evaluated |
| Temperament | refers to the hereditary aspects of personality |
| personality type | group of people with several traits in common |
| introvert | shy self-centered person whose attention is focused inward |
| extrovert | bold, outgoing person whose attention is directed outward |
| self-concept | person's perception of his or her own personality traits |
| self-esteem | how you evaluate yourself |
| personality theory | system of concepts, assumptions, ideas, and principles proposed to explain personality |
| trait theories | attempt to learn what traits make up personality and how they relate to actual behavior |
| psychodynamic theories | focus on the inner workings of personality, especially internal conflicts and struggles |
| behavioristic theories | place importance on the external environment and on the effects of conditioning and learning |
| humanistic theories | stores private, subjective experience and personal growth |
| traits | relatively permanent and enduring qualities that a person shows in most situations |
| common traits | shared by most members of a culture |
| individual traits | define a person's unique personal qualities |
| cardinal trait | so basic that all of a person's activities can be traced to the trait's existence |
| central traits | core qualities or basic building blocks of personality |
| secondary traits | less consistent, relatively superficial aspects of a person |
| surface traits | visible areas of personality |
| source traits | underlying personality characteristics |
| factor analysis | psychologists look at the correlations among several measurements |
| trait profile | graph of a person's scores for each trait |
| five-factor model | system that identifies the five most basic dimensions of personality |
| trait-situation interactions | external settings and circumstances influence the expression of personality traits |
| behavioral genetics | the study of inherited behavioral traits |
| id | primitive part of personality that remains unconscious, supplies energy, and demands pleasure |
| ego | the executive part of personality that directs rational behavior |
| superego | judge or censor for thoughts and actions |
| Neo-Freudians | accepted the broad features of Freud's theory but revised parts of it |
| persona | "public self" presented to others |
| personal unconscious | mental storehouse for a single individual's experiences, feelings, and memories |
| collective unconscious | mental storehouse for unconscious ideas and images shared by all humans |
| anima/animus | female/male principle of archetypes |
| learning theorist | psychologist interest in the ways that learning shapes and explains personality |
| situational determinants | external conditions that strongly influence behavior |
| identification | child's emotional attachment to admired adults |
| self-actualization | process of fully developing personal potentials |
| fully functioning person | lives in harmony with his or her deepest feelings |
| halo effect | tendency to generalize a favorable or unfavorable impression to unrelated details of personality |
