| A | B |
|---|
| rotation | the spinning motion of an object on its axis. It is the reason for day and night because it takes 24 hours for the Earth to make one complete rotation |
| revolution | The movement of an object around another object or point. It takes about 365 days (one year) for Earth to make one revolution around the Sun. |
| Celcius | Unit of measure for temperature (in the metric system) at which water freezes at zero degrees and boils at 100 degrees. |
| decomposer | A living thing that breaks down the remains of dead organisms. |
| consumer | A living thing that obtains (gets) energy by eating other living things. |
| producer | An organism (green plant) that makes its own food through photosynthesis. |
| photosynthesis | The process by which producers (green plants) make their own food by using energy from the Sun |
| food chain | The path of energy transfer from one living organism to another. |
| food web | The overlapping food chains that link producers, consumers, and decomposers in an ecosystem. |
| condensation | The process by which water vapor is changed to liquid water |
| germination | beginning to develop into a seedling (sprouting) |
| particle | a very small piece; a very tiny piece of matter smaller than an atom |
| cycle | a complete set of events that keep coming back in the same order |
| gram | unit of measure for mass or weight(metric system) one of these is about the weight of a paper clip |
| kilogram | unit of measurement for mass. About the weight of a kitten |
| solar energy | energy produced by the sun |
| precipitation | the falling of water, ice, or snow (formed by condensation) |
| life cycle | series of stages in the life of an organism |
| carbon dioxide | a gas in the air that is needed by green plants to make food |
| oxygen | a gas in the air that is given off by the leaves of green plants |
| population | a number of the same kind of organisms that live in the same place |
| organism | a living thing |
| observation | anything that we can learn by using our senses |
| carnivore | a consumer that eats only animals |
| omnivore | a consumer that eats both animals and plants |
| herbivore | a consumer that eats only plants |
| variable | something that can be changed during an experiment, such as the materials, equipment or procedure, to see if it changes the results |
| density | closeness or compactness of molecules (amount of mass in a given volume of matter) |
| sink | this occurs when an object stays under the water when a material has more density than the water |
| buoyancy | the ability to float |
| property | characteristic of a material; something you can observe such as color, smell, or taste |
| absorb | when water soaks into another material |
| capacity | amount of space inside a container of shape |
| displacement | water that is pushed aside when something is placed on it |
| predator | an animal that hunts other animals for food |
| prey | an animal hunted as food by another animal |
| insulator | a poor conductor of heat or electricity such as rubber, paper, or plastic |
| conductor | a type of material that transfers heat or electricity (allows electic current to pass through easily |
| adaptation | behavior or part of a living thing that helps it survive in a certain environment |
| camouflage | the ability to blend in with the surroundings |
| community | a group of plants and animals that live in a certain area |
| environment | all the surrounding living and non-living things that affect a living thing |
| evaporate | to change form from a liquid to a gas |
| extinction | the permanent disappearance of all living things of a certain kind |
| endangered | an animal or plant in danger of becoming extinct or dying off. |
| hibernation | a deep sleep that helps some animals survive the winter |
| melt | to change form from a solid to a liquid |
| migrate | to move to another region as the seasons change |
| larva | the second stage in the life cycle of an insect that undergoes complete metamorphosis (the young form of the organism) |
| metamorphosis | a change in form that some animals go through in developing |
| natural resource | a material found in or on the Earth that people use |
| orbit | the path a planet, moon or other object takes around another |
| petal | the brightly colored part of a flower that helps attract birds, bees, and other insects to the flower |
| pistil | the central part in a flower that produces the seed |
| pollen | the powdery grains in a flower; they must be carried from a stamen to a pistil in order for seeds to form |
| pollination | the process by which pollen reaches a pistil |
| polluted | containing unwanted or harmful material |
| pupa | the third stage in the life cycle of an insect undergoing a complete metamorphosis(the insect is inactive) |
| species | a group of living things that can produce young by mating with one another |
| stamen | the part of a flower that produces pollen, which is needed to form seeds |
| temperature | how hot or cold something is |
| water | a chemical formed from hydrogen and oxygen, that is essential to life |
| water cycle | the path that water follows from Earth to air and back again (water evaporates from lakes, oceans and mountain runoff into the air, and then condenses and falls back to Earth as precipitation, rain or snow) |
| water vapor | water that is a gas |
| battery | a device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy |
| nonconductor | a material that does not allow electric current to pass through easily |
| terminal | the contact point on a battery and bulb that must be touched in order to form a complete circuit |
| circuits | complete or partial paths through which electrical current may flow |
| switches | a device that opens or closes a circuit |
| series circuit | a circuit which has only one path through which electricity can flow |
| parallel circuit | a circuit which provides multiple paths through which electricity can flow |
| current | the flow of electricity in a wire or other conductor |
| electricity | a form of energy that is used to produce light |
| light bulb | a device that produces light from electricity |
| erosion | the carryng away of rocks and soil by wind and water |
| experiment | a test under controlled conditions that helps us learn more about something |
| predict | guessing or foretelling (from previous information) what will happen before you do an experiment |
| result | what happens during the experiment |
| evidence | proof that is left when an interaction takes place |
| attract | to draw near or closer |
| hypothesis | an educated guess; tentatively accepting an explanation as the basis for further investigation |
| interaction | when one object changes another |
| repel | to force away |
| solid | a substance with a definite shape and volume. One of the states of water (ice) |
| slope | a slanted surface |
| surface tension | the skin like surface on water that pulls it together into the smallest possible area |
| cargo | a load of goods carried by a form of transportation such as a boat |
| ecosystem | an area in which living and nonliving things interact |
