| A | B |
|---|
| testes | male gonads; make sperm and testosterone |
| scrotum | holds testes outside the body at a temperature lower than the body |
| seminiferous tubules | coiled tubes that make up each testis |
| epididymus | sperm storage on the upper part of each testis |
| vas deferens | tube that leads from testis, through the abdomen and to the urethra; delivers sperm |
| seminal vesicles; Cowper's gland; prostate gland | secrete fluids to nourish and protect the sperm |
| semem | mixture of sperm and fluids |
| ejaculation | mucle contractions that force sperm out of the urethra of the penis |
| ovaries | female gonads; make eggs and estrogen |
| follicles | sacs in which immature eggs develop |
| oviduct/Fallopian tube | creates a current to draw an egg from the ovary; connects to the uterus |
| uterus | thick muscular organ where the development of a fertilized egg will take place |
| cervix | narrow neck of the uterus that opens to the vagina |
| menstrual cycle | all the activities that prepare for an egg in a female body; lasts 28 days |
| menopause | the permanent end to the menstrual cycle |
| corpus lutem | a yellow body; caused from the filling in of a broken follicle with cells |
| menstruation | the break down and passing of the uterine wall and the unfertilized egg |
| in vitro fertilization | sperm fertilizes eggs in a glass laboratory dish; eggs are the inserted into a woman's uterus |
| implantation | fastening of an embryo to the wall of the uterus |
| pregnancy | period during which the baby develops in the uterus |
| chorion | outermost layer; completely surrounds the embryo |
| placenta | temp. organ; allows exchange of nutrients and waste |
| umbilical cord | rope-like structure that connects the developing fetus to the placenta |
| amnion | innermost membrane filled with fluid to protect the fetus by absorbing shocks |
| gestation | length of pregnancy |
| labor | uterine contractions; opening of the cervix |
| premature births | delivery of a fetus that has not fully developed |
| Cesarain section | incision made in the abdomen to help deliver the baby |
| fraternal twins | develop from different eggs; may be of opposite sex; do not look alike |
| identical twins | single egg divides into 2 after fertilization; genetics are the same |
| zygote | diploid cell formed after fertilization |
| embryo | early stages of development; fertilization to 8 weeks |
| fetus | 8 weeks until birth |
| cleavage | series of divisions within a zygote |
| morula | solid ball of cells |
| blastula | hollow ball of cells filled with fluid |
| gastrulation | the initial shaping of the embryo |
| gastrula | inward movement of cells creating the germ layers |
| ectoderm | outer layer of cells |
| endoderm | inner layer of cells |
| mesoderm | middle layer of cells |
| primitive gut | cavity in the gastrula that will give rise to the digestive system |
| germ layers | three layers of cells that give rise to all the tissues and organs of a multicellular animal |
| differentiation | the changing of unspecialized embryonic cells into specialized cell, tissues and organs |
| stem cells | a cell or cells, that will give rise to tissues and organs |
