| A | B |
|---|
| protostome | Spiral cleavage, determinate cleavage, schizocoelous development, mouth develops first from blastopore. |
| spiral cleavage | In protostomes. Planes of cell division are diagonal to the vertical axis of the embryo, resulting in unequally sized cells. |
| determinate cleavage | In protostomes. Embryonic cells are designed for their future fate (cell a=eye, cell b=finger) |
| schizocoelous development | in protostomes- mesoderm on either side of the archenteron- splits to form coelom |
| blastopore formation in protostomes | mouth is formed first |
| deuterostome | radial cleavage, indeterminate cleavage, enterocoelous development, mouth is derived from a second opening and blastopore becomes the anus |
| radial cleavage | in deuterostomes. planes of cell division are parallel or perpendicular to the vertical axis of the embryo |
| indeterminate cleavage | in deuterostomes. a cell's fate is not predetermined, if a cell is removed, a complete embryo can still form and live. |
| enterocoelous development | in deuterostomes. mesoderm buds from the wall of the archenteron to become the coelom. |
| archenteron | the developing digestive tube of an embryo initially forms as a pouch called ________. |
| head-foot | used in locomotion and food capture in mollusks |
| blastopore formation in deuterostomes | mouth is derived from a second opening and blastopore becomes the anus. |
| visceral hump | contains major organ systems in mollusks |
| metanephridia | excetory organs in mollusks that drain the small coelom surrounding the heart and a portion of the intestine. |
| Chitons | class Polyplacophora |
| Bivalves | class Bivalvia |
| Gastropods | class Gastropoda |
| Cephalopods | class Cephalopoda |
| mantle | soft tissue in mollusks that secretes the calcium-containing shell |
| umbo | the beak in bivalves |
| pallial line | the faint line that follows along the margin of the bivalve shell, where the edge of the mantle tissue is attached |
| mantle tissue | tissue of the mantle in bivalves |
| siphons | incurrent and excurrent openings found in bivalves |
| gills | water passes through these- gas exchange is facilitated |
| mucous nets | water passed through the gills is filtered through these to remove food particles that are later eaten |
| muscle scars | responsible for opening and closing the shell |
| hinge ligament | the two shells are held together by this |
| operculum | in gastropods. disk-shaped plate covering the opening of the shell. |
| exoskeleton | made of chitin- covers arthropods. |
| hemocoel | in an arthropod open circulatory system, blood is pumped through open spaces in the tissues called the ________. |
| biramous | meaning "two-branched" appendages. |
| diplopods | millipedes, having 2 pairs of legs per body segment |
| chilopods | centipedes, having 1 pair of legs per body segment |
| myriapods | millipedes or centipedes |
| tracheal system | a finely branching system of tiny tubules through which oxygen passes directly the the cells of the muscle and other tissues throughout the body in insects. part of insect mobility. |
| aboral surface of a sand dollar | "top" of the sand dollar |
| boral surface of a sand dollar | "bottom" of the sand dollar |
| gonopores | from which eggs and sperm are shed in echinoderms |
| lunules | narrow elongated holes in the skeletons of echinoderms through which food can be moved to the mouth on the lower surface |
| test | skeleton of a sea urchin |
| peristome | open ring on the bottom of a sea urchin |
| make sure you know all the anatomy! | ok! |
| examples of chitons | chitons |
| examples of gastropods | snails and slugs |
| examples of bivalves | clams, oysters, mussels |
| examples of cephalopods | squid, octopi, nautilus |
| examples of arthropods | crustaceans, insects, spiders, millipedes and centipedes |
