| A | B |
|---|
| ammonia has the formula | NH3 |
| ammonia affects universal indicator; it is an ........ gas | alkaline |
| Because its an alkaline gas it will ......... acids | neutralise |
| When it neutralises acids... | ammonium salts are formed |
| with HCl ammonia forms.....(name) | ammonium chloride |
| Formula of ammonium chloride is.. | NH4Cl |
| HNO3 is called... | nitric acid |
| with HNO3 ammonia forms .......(name) | ammonium nitrate |
| the fiormula of ammonium nitrate is | NH4NO3 |
| The equation for the reaction of ammonia and sulphuric acid is | 2NH3 + H2SO4 --> (NH4)2SO4 |
| (NH4)2SO4 is called... | ammonium sulphate |
| Many ammonium salts are used as | fertilisers |
| ammonium salts are used by plants to make.. | protein |
| some plants can use atmospheric nitrogen to make nitrates because | their roots have nodule containing nitrifying bacteria |
| atmospheric nitrogen is very unreactive because | it has a strong triple bond |
| Synthetic fertlisers like NH4NO3 are more useful than natural fertlisers because | plants can use them quicker |
| if there were no synthetic fertlisers available farmers would need to use, | rotation of crops; peas & beans; manure |
| ammonia is made on the large scale by the .....Process | Haber |
| Nitrogen and......... are reacted together to make ammonia | hydrogen |
| the nitrogen for the Haber Process is obtained from ........ | the air |
| the hydrogen for the Haber Process is obtained from ........ | natural gas (CH4) & steam |
| Haber Process - a catalyst is used; it is... | iron filings |
| Haber Process - pressure used is ........atmospheres | 250 |
| Haber Process - temperature used is ........degreesC | 450 |
| The equation for the reaction is.. | N2 + 3H2 ----> 2NH3 |
| N2 + 3H2 ----> 2NH3 is strictly incorrect because | the reaction is reversible |
| Because the reaction is reversible, reaction is .......... | incomplete |
| Gases leaving the catalyst chamber contain NH3 and ... | unreacted nitrogen & hydrogen |
| NH3 can be separated from the N2 & H2 by .. | cooling and liquefying |
| unreacted N2 & H2 can be | re-cycled |
| the ammonia can be used to make.. | fertilisers and nitric acid |
| N2 +3H2 ===2NH3 a very high pressure would give a good yield because | 4 moles (on LHS) form 2 moles (RHS) - reduction |
| An even higher p than 250 atm is not used because | high energy costs to achieve & need v strong apparatus |
| A catalyst is a substance ........... but is not used up during the reaction | that increase rate |
| a small amount of catalyst causes a big change in rate because | it is not used up |
| a catalyst does not affect the yield in a reversible reaction | it increases the rate of forward and back reactions to the same extent |
| catalyst increase rate because they | lower the activation of the reaction |
| Haber Process pressure is a compromise because | accept lower yiled obtained more cheaply |
