| A | B |
|---|
| motive | a stimulus that moves a person to behave in ways designed to accomplish a specific goal |
| need | a condition in which we require something we lack |
| drive | the forces that motivate an organism to take action |
| instinct | behavior patterns that are genetically transmitted from generation to generation |
| homeostasis | the tendency to maintain the state of equilibrium in the body |
| self-actualization | the need to become what one believes he or she is capable of being |
| obesity | weighing more than 30 percent above one's recommended weight |
| stimulus motive | desires for stimulation |
| sensory deprivation | absence of stimulation |
| achievement motivation | people who are driven to get ahead, to tackle challenging situations and to meet high personal standards of success |
| performance goal | specific goals such as gaining admission to college, earning the approval of parents or teachers, or even simply avoiding criticism |
| learning goal | learning for learning's sake is the most powerful motivator |
| extrinsic reward | include good grades, good income, and respect from others |
| intrinsic reward | internal rewards such as self-satisfaction |
| cognitive consistency | people seek to think and behave in a way that fits what they believe and how others expect them to think and behave |
| balance theory | people need to organize their perceptions, opinions, and beliefs in a harmonious manner |
| imbalance | when someone we care about disagrees with us, an uncomfortable state of imbalance arises |
| nonbalance | when we dislike certain people or have no feelings toward them one way or another, their attitudes are not of much interest to us |
| cognitive-dissonance theory | people are motivated to reduce this inconsistency.....thoughts and attitudes to be consistent with their actions |
| affiliation | the desire to join with others and be part of something larger than oneself |
| emotion | states of feeling like love, anger, and sadness |
| opponent-process theory | emotions often come in pairs, with one emotion being followed by its opposite |
