| A | B |
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| GEOGRAPHY | study of earth in all its variety(land, water, plant&animal life) tells about people who live on earth, places they created&how differ |
| LIST THE FOUR DIRECTIONS | NORTH ^, SOUTH v, EAST>, AND WEST< |
| ISLAND | LAND AREA, SMALLER THAN A CONTINENT, COMPLETELY SURROUNDED BY WATER |
| Lake / pond | a sizable inland body of water |
| Bay / gulf | part of a large body of water that extends into a shoreline ( a gulf is like a bay but larger) |
| Peninsula | a body of land surrounded by water on three sides |
| Isthmus | narrow stretch of land connecting two larger land areas |
| Strait | narrow stretch of water joining two larger bodies of water |
| Plateau / mesa | area of flat rolling land at a high elevation |
| Basin | area of land drained by a given river and its branches, area of land surrounded by lands of higher elevations |
| Desert | dry or partially dry areas that receive very little rainfall - temps can be extremely hot during day and extremely cold at night |
| River | large stream of water that runs through the land |
| Tides | rise&fall of ocean surface, occurs twice/day caused by gravitational attraction of sun&moon occurring unequally on pts of earth |
| Current | air or water moving continuously in a certain direction - usually the swiftest part of the stream |
| Fall line | line joining waterfalls on numerous rivers that marks point where each river descends from upland to lowland. |
| Tributary | small river or stream that flows into a large river or stream, a branch of the river |
| Delta | land built up from soil carried downstream by a river and deposited at its mouth |
| Estuary | a water passage where the tide meets a river current - an arm of the sea at the lower end of the river |
| Sound | body of water between a shoreline and one or more islands off the coast |
| Cape | point of land surrounded by a body of water |
| Archipelago | a group of islands |
| Atoll | a coral island consisting of a reef surrounding a lagoon |
| Highland | elevated land area with sloping sides such as a hill, mountain, or plateau hill, smaller than a mountain |
| Lowland | land, usually level, at a low elevation |
| Mountains | land with steep sides that rises sharply from surrounding land; larger and more rugged than a hill |
| Valley | area of low land between hills or mountains |
| Marsh / swamp | a tract of soft wet land - wet spongy land |
| Glacier | large, think body of slow moving ice, founded in mouton and polar regions |
| Volcano | mountain created as liquid rock or ash are thrown up from inside the earth |
| Earthquake | a shaking or trembling of the earth |
| Fault line | geologic line determined by the intersection of a fault (fracture) with the earth's surfaces |
| Continental drift | slow movements of the continents |
| Cartography | making of maps |
| Relief map | shows elevations |
| Political map | shows boundaries of countries |
| Globe | sphere-shaped model of the earth |
| Weather | the state of the atmosphere at a given location with respect to heat or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clearness or cloudiness |
| Climate | usual pattern of weather of a given area |
| Precipitation | rain, sleet snow |
| Temperature | the degree of hotness or coldness |
| Atmosphere | the whole mass of air surrounding the earth |
| Latitude | distance measured in degrees north and south of the equator |
| Longitude | distance measured in degrees east and west of the prime meridian |
| Equator | line that divides the earth into the northern and southern hemispheres |
| Poles | either end of the earth’s axis (north pole and south pole) |
| Tropic of cancer | important parallel line between the poles - 23 1/2 degrees north latitude (north of the equator). |
| Tropic of capricorn | important parallel line between the poles 23 1/2 degrees south latitude (south of the equator) |
| Arctic circle | North Pole |
| Antarctic circle | South Pole |
| Low latitudes | get low latitude definition |
| Middle latitudes | moderate climates where most of people live |
| Upper latitudes | polar, climate regions |
| Prime meridian | global grid running north pole-south pole at Greenwich, England; used as starting point for measuring degrees of east&west longitude. |
| International date line | 180 degrees longitude |
| Hemisphere | half of the earth (northern hemisphere and southern hemisphere or western hemisphere and eastern hemisphere |
