| A | B |
|---|
| What is the function of the female reproductive system? | To produce gametes to unite with a male gamete and produce off-spring. |
| What are the essential organs of the female reproductive system? | the ovaries and the eggs |
| This is also called the gonads. | The paired ovaries |
| What are the assessory organs of the female reproductive system? | uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, vulva and mammary glands |
| What are the two main parts of the uterus? | the fundus and the cervix |
| The lower narrow neck portion of the uterus | cervix |
| The wide upper portion of the uterus | fundus |
| What are the three layers of the uterus? | endometrium, myometrium, and parietal peritoneum |
| What is anterior and posterior to the uterus? | anterior- bladder, posterior, rectum |
| What factors affect the location of the uterus? | age, pregnancy, and distention of the bladder |
| This is the name given when a uterus tilts backwards and can actually fall into the vagina. | retroflexion |
| What are the functions of the uterus? | allows a place for a developing fetus to implant into the endometrial lining, produces nutrient secretions, sometimes called uterine milk to sustain the off-spring until a placenta is produced, labor contractions help to push the off-spring out of the mother's body, endometrial lining is shed if implantation does not occur. |
| Also called the fallopian tubes | uterine tubes |
| Is the site of fertilization | fallopian tubes |
| this is where a fetus develops | the uterus |
| Development of a fetus outside of the uterus is called an __________ pregnancy | ectopic |
| immature female sex cells that are still in the ovaries | oocytes |
| After the oocyte is released from the ovary, it is called an _______. | ovum |
| The production of egg cells is called __________. | oogenesis |
| The release of an egg cell is called | ovulation |
| Ovaries are also endocrine organs that secrete what two hormones? | estrogen and progesterone |
| What is the vagina made up of? | smooth muscle |
| This forms a border around the external opening of the vagina and parially closes the orifice. | hymen |
| when the hymen completely covers the vagina and must be perforated, it is called ________ | imperforate |
| What are the functions of the vagina? | serves as a receptable for semen, lower portion f the birth canal, placenta or after birth is shed through the vagina, also called the birth canal. |
| An erotic zone made up of specialized glandular tissue found on the anterior wall of the vagina. | G spot |
| The external structure of the female reproductive system is called the ____. | vulva |
| What structures are contained in the vulva? | mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, urinary meatus, vaginal orifice, and vestibular glands |
| The skin covered pad of fat over the symphysis publis | mons pupis |
| structure whose name means large lips and is composed of fat and connective tissue | labia majora |
| Structure whose name means small lips | labia minora |
| small organ composed of erectile tissue | clitoris |
| The clitoris is covered by the __________ or foreskin | prepuce |
| The small opening of the urethra | urinary meatus |
| opening for the vagina | vaginal orifice |
| bean shaped glands on either side of the vagina that produce lubricating fluids | vestibular glands |
| skin covered region between the vagina and the anus that can be torn during childbirth | perineum |
| What procedure do Dr.'s perform during childbirth to try and prevent the tearing of the perineum. | episiotomy |
| What is the purpose of the lactiferous duct in the female breast? | milk carrying ducts |
| The colored area around the nipple is called the ______ | areola |
| What causes the breasts to start producing milk | hormones that are produced when the placenta is shed from the uterus. |
| The first milk a mother produces is called ______ | colostrum |
| Why is colostrum advantageous for a newborn baby? | It is rich in fat, protein, vitamins and provides passive immunity to the offspring in the form of maternal antibodies. |
| The first period is called the | meses or menarche |
| On what day does the menstrual cycle begin? | day one is the day a woman's period starts |
| the days of the menstrual cycle from 6 to 13 are called what? | postmenstrual phase or preovulatory phase |
| On what day of a woman's cycle does ovulation usually take place? | 14 |
| What methods are used to predict ovulation? | an increase in body temperature, change in consistency of cervical mucus, over the counter urine tests that test for a hormone associated with ovulation |
| What are days 15-28 of the menstrual cycle called? | premenstrual or postovulatory |
| When a woman fails to have a menstrual period it is called ____________ | amenorrhea |
| How does the pill work to prevent pregnancy? | It prevents the montly development of a follicle so no ovum can be expelled |
| What is the average age for menopause to occur? | 45 to 50 |
| This is the passage of one full year without a menstrual period. | menopause |
| this is the name for painful menstruation | dysmennorrhea |
| What are the causes of primary amenorrhea | hormone imbalances, genetic disorders, brain lesions, or structural deformities |
| What are the causes of secondary amenorrhea? | weight loss, pregnancy, lactation, menopause, or diseases of the reproductive organs |
| This is irregular or excessive uterine bleeding that results from a hormonal imbalance | dysfunctional uterine bleeding |
| This is a collection of symptoms that occur in the premenstrual phase of a woman's cycle. | premenstrual syndrome |
| What are characteristics of premenstrual syndrome? | irritability, fatigue, nervousness, and depression |
| These are infections that result from pathogenic organisms that are transmitted from another person such as sexually transmitted diseases. | exogenous infections |
| Infections that result from pathogens that normall exist in the interstines, vulva, or vagina but that cause infection when they are moved to a new area. | endogenous infections |
| This condition is caused by many pathogens that are spread upward from the vagina and it may be accompanied by pain and fever or may have no symptoms at all. It can lead to serious complications including infertility | Pelvic Inflammatory Disease |
| Inflammation or infection of the vaginal lining | vaginitis |
| a benign tumor of smooth muscle and fibrous connective tissue which typically produces no symptoms. They are also called fibroids. | myoma or fibromyoma |
| How are fibroids treated if they become too large or interfere with pregnancy? | They are surgically removed |
| These are benign enlargements on one or both ovaries that are a fluid filled sac that develops from a follicle that fails to rupture correctly. They rarely become dangerous and often dissappear | ovarian cysts |
| This is the presence of functioning endometrial tissue outside of the uterus. | endometriosis |
| This is a common reproductive cancer that usually affects one in 10 women | breast cancer |
| This type of reproductive cancer is difficult to detect until it has grown into a large mass. | ovarian cancer |
| This is the most frequent reproductive cancer found among women ages 30 to 50. | cervical cancer |
| How is cervical cancer detected. | through the use of a pap smear. |
| This is another name for sexually transmitted diseases. | veneral disease |
