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A2 organic - nitriles

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AB
CH3.CN calledethanonitrile
CH3.CH2.CN calledpropanonitrile
CH3.CH2.CH2.CN calledbutanonitrile
CH3.CN formed from CH3.CO.NH2 byCH3.CO.NH2 + P2O5
P2O5 calledphosphorus V oxide (phosphorus pentoxide0
CH3.CO.NH2 + P2O5 reaction type isdehydration
CH3.CN can be formed from CH3I byCH3I + KCN (in ethanol) heat under reflux
CH3.CN heat under reflux with HCl(+H2O)CH3.CO.OH + NH4Cl
CH3.CO.OH calledethanoic acid
CH3.CN with HCl (+H2O) reaction typeacid hydrolysis
CH3.CN heat under reflux with NaOH(+H2O) formsCH3.CO.O(-) Na(+) + NH3
CH3.CO.O(-) Na(+) calledsodium ethanoate
CH3.CH2.CN + HCl heat under reflux formsCH3.CH2.COOH + NH4Cl
CH3.CH2.CH2.COOH can be formed from CH3.CH2.CH2.CN byheating under reflux with HCl
CH3.CH2.CH2.COO(-) Na(+) can be formed from CH3.CH2.CH2.CN byheating under reflux with NaOH
LiAlH4 is calledlithium aluminium hydride
LiAlH4 is a strongreducing agent
LiAlH4 conditions for useuse in dry ether
LiAlH4 + CH3.CN formsCH3.CH2.NH2
CH3.CH2.NH2 calledethylamine
CH3.CH2.CH2.COOH + LiAlH4 formsCH3.CH2.CH2.CH2OH
CH3.CH2.CH2.NH2 can be formed from CH3.CH2.CN byusing LiAlH4
CH3.CH2.CH2.CO.NH2 + P2O5 formsCH3.CH2.CH2.CN
CH3.CH2.CH2.CN calledbutanonitrile
CH3.CH2.CH2.CN + LiAlH4 formsCH3.CH2.CH2.CH2.NH2


Chemistry Activities
The King's School, Grantham

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