| A | B |
|---|
| -CH2OH is a | primary alcohol |
| >CHOH | is a secondary alcohol |
| C.OH is a | tertiary alcohol |
| CH3.CH2.OH is called | ethanol |
| CH3OH is called | methanol |
| CH3.CH2.CH2OH is called | propan-1-ol |
| CH3.CH2.CH2.CH2.OH is called | butan-1-ol |
| CH3.CHOH.CH3 is called | propan-2-ol |
| CH3.CHOH.CH2.CH3. | butan-2-ol |
| PCl5 is called | phosphorus pentachloride (or phosphorus V chloride) |
| Observation CH2OH (or any alcohol) with PCl5 | white acidic fumes |
| white acidic fume from CH2OH & PCl5 is | hydrogen chloride |
| PCl5 is a test for the presence of | OH |
| CH3CO.OH with PCl5 gives white acidic fumes because | it contains an OH! |
| The products of CH3CH2OH & PCl5 are | CH3CH2Cl + POCl3 + HCl |
| The products of CH3.CHOH.CH3 & PCl5 are | CH3.CHCl.CH3 + POCl3 + HCl |
| products of CH3OH & PCl5 are | CH3Cl + POCl3 + HCl |
| Observation for an alcohol reacts with sodium dichromate in acid solution | it changes from orange to green |
| When potassium dichromate changes orange to green it is beingit changes from orange to green | reduced (& its oxidising the other reactant) |
| CH3CH2OH & K2Cr2O7 + sulphuric acid NO REFLUX gives | CH3CHO |
| CH3CHO is called | ethanal |
| ethanal is an | aldehyde |
| alcohol & K2Cr2O7 + sulphuric acid NO REFLUX gives aldehyde when | the alcohol is a primary alcohol |
| CH3CH2OH & K2Cr2O7 + sulphuric acid + REFLUX gives | CH3COOH |
| CH3COOH is a | carboxylic acid |
| CH3.CHOH.CH3 & K2Cr2O7 + sulphuric acid NO REFLUX ...... | forms CH3.CO.CH3 |
| CH3.CO.CH3 is an example of a | ketone |
| CH3.CO.CH3 is called | propanone |
| only.............. form a ketone when they are oxidised | secondary alcohols |
| .......... alcohols do not form a simple oxidation product | tertiary alcohols |
| oxidation using K2Cr2O7 + sulphuric acid is a way of... | distinguishing between primary secondary and tertiary alcohols |
| Concentrated H2SO4 is able to remove H2O from alcohols. This is called a | dehydration reaction |
| CH3.CH2OH (+ H2SO4) - H2O gives | C2H4 |
| CH3.CHOH.CH3 (+ H2SO4) - H2O gives | CH2=CH.CH3 |
| CH3.CH2.CH2.CH2.OH (+ H2SO4) - H2O gives | CH3.CH2.CH=CH2 |
| When dehydration of an alcohol occurs using H2SO4 | An H & OH are removed from ADJACENT carbon atoms |
| any alcohol + KBr + H2SO4 (heat under reflux) | OH replaced by Br |
| CH3.CH2OH + KBr + H2SO4 (heat under reflux) | CH3.CH2Br |
| CH3.CH2.CH2.CH2.OH + KBr + H2SO4 (heat under reflux) | CH3.CH2.CH2.CH2.Br |
| any alcohol + PCl5 | OH replaced by Cl |
| Red phosphorus + iodine | OH replacesd by I |
| CH3.CH2.CH2.CH2.OH to CH3.CH2.CH=CH2 reagent needed .. | conc H2SO4 |
| CH3.CH2OH to CH3CHO reagent needed is... | K2Cr2O7 + sulphuric acid NO REFLUX |
| CH3.CH2OH to CH3COOH reagent needed | K2Cr2O7 + sulphuric acid & REFLUX |
| CH3.CH2.CH2.CH2.OH to CH3.CH2.CH2.CH2.Br reagent needed | KBr + H2SO4 (heat under reflux) |
| CH3.CHOH.CH3 to CH3.CHCl.CH3 reagent needed | PCl5 room temperature |
| CH3.CHOH.CH3 to CH3.CO.CH3 reagent needed | K2Cr2O7 + sulphuric acid |
