| A | B |
|---|
| pharaoh | theocratic ruler of Egypt |
| Phoenicians | notorious traders on Mediterranean @ 2000 BCE |
| Abraham | father of the Jews |
| Moses | Hebrew who received the Ten Commandments from God |
| Hammurabi | king of Babylon (in Sumeria) that established a code of laws where the punishment fit the crime and class of the offender |
| Hebrew | one born into the Jewish faith |
| Persians | established the largest empire in the world under leaders like Xeres and Darius |
| Zoroaster | Persian thinker who stressed difference between good and evil |
| Aryans | invaders of the Indian sub-continent |
| Guptas | Indian dynasty during which the Golden Age of Classical India was formed |
| Siddhartha Gautama | founder of a religion that started in India and spread to China |
| Asoka | Indian ruler whose missionaries spread Buddhism to much of Asia |
| Qin Shi Huangdi | Chinese emperor under whose leadership the Great Wall was constructed |
| Zeus | Greek king of the gods |
| Hera | Greek goddess; wife of Zeus; goddess of childbirth and marriage |
| Apollo | Greek god of music and healing; carries a lyre |
| Artemis | goddess of hunting; protector of children |
| Athena | patron goddess of Athens; goddess of war; daughter of Zeus |
| Aphrodite | Greek goddess of love and beauty |
| Draco | Greek tyrant who established a harsh law code dealing mainly with contracts and property ownership |
| Solon | Greek tyrant who outlawed debt slavery instituted by Draco's law code |
| Peloponnesian League | Greek city-states united with Sparta after the Persian War |
| Delian League | city-states united with Athens after the Persian War |
| Pericles | Greek ruler under whose leadership democracy expanded to include most adult males |
| Aeschylus | Greek playwright and founder of Greek tragedy |
| Sophocles | Greek playwright to wrote "Oedipus Rex" |
| Homer | blind Greek poet who authored the Iliad and the Odyssey |
| Herodotus | world's first historian; wrote history as a good story |
| Thucydides | Greek historian who wrote history after collecting evidence and weighing the truth of it |
| Phidias | Greek sculptor of statues like Athena in the Parthenon |
| Archimedes | Greek scientist who worked with the lever and pulley |
| Hippocrates | Greek father of medicine |
| Euclid | Greek father of geometry |
| Pythagoras | Greek mathematician whose theorem for determining the right sides of a triangle is still used today |
| Socrates | Greek philosopher who taught his students to think using a sophisticated questioning technique called the Socratic method |
| Plato | student of Socrates; wrote The Republic in which he stated the ideal society was NOT one governed by democracy but by intelligent philosopher-kings |
| Aristotle | student of Plato; questioned the nature of the world; best associated with arguing ideas according to the rules of logic; Alexander the Great was one of his students |
| Phillip II | King of Macedon who conquered most of Greece |
| Alexander the Great | son of Phillip II of Macedon who is remembered for spreading Greek culture east; new culture called Hellenistic |
