| A | B |
|---|
| FEDERAL SYSTEM | A system of government where the national government is higher than the state government |
| BILL OF RIGHTS | A document that gives US citizens civil rights |
| 1ST AMENDMENT | Guarantees freedom of religion, speech, press, to assemble, and petition the government to make things "right" |
| 2ND AMENDMENT | Right to bear arms |
| 3RD AMENDMENT | No quartering of troops in homes |
| 4TH AMENDMENT | 1. Right against unreasonable search and seizure; 2. No search warrants can be given w/o a probable cause |
| 5TH AMENDMENT | 1. One cannot be healed for a crime w/o a formal accusation; 2. If tried and found guilty, one cannot be tried for the same crime again (double jeopardy); 3. One cannot be forced to testify against themselves; 4. Government cannot imprison a person or take their property w/o due process; 5. If government needs your property they must pay you a fair price |
| 6TH AMENDMENT | 1. You have the right to a speedy, public trial; 2. You have the right to a fair jury; 3. You have the right to know what you are being accused of; 4. You have the right to see and hear the witnesses against you; 5. You have the right to have a defending witness; 6. You have the right to a lawyer |
| 7TH AMENDMENT | The right to a jury trial in civil cases unless you choose not to have one, or if the if the case is less than $20 |
| 8TH AMENDMENT | 1. no unfair bail; 2. no cruel or unusual punishment |
| 13TH AMENDMENT | Slavery was illegal and could no longer exist in the US |
| 14TH AMENDMENT | ALL men had the right to vote |
| 15TH AMENDMENT | No laws could be made to stop people from voting |
| 19TH AMENDMENT | Women have the right to vote and be a full citizen of the US |
| DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE | Document that stated that the US was a separate nation (from England)Tells the reasons why, gives definition of American political philosophy (rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness), purpose of the government is to protect people's rights and if it doesn't the people can abolish it, and lists accusations of the king |
| CONSTITUTION | A document that creates US government and a body of law that citizens obey |
| SEPARATION OF POWERS | System so that no one branch/person runs the whole government; Uses checks & balances |
| CHECKS AND BALANCES | Separates jobs and power between the branches; One branch can do something, but then another has to approve it (i.e., Executive branch appoints cabinet, Legislative must approve) |
| EXECUTIVE BRANCH | Enforces and carries out laws. (President, cabinet, mayor, governor, etc.) |
| LEGISLATIVE BRANCH | Makes laws; divided up into the Senate and the House of Reps. |
| JUDICIAL BRANCH | Interprets and reviews law and hears cases challenging the law |
| CONGRESS | AKA: Legislative Branch |
| DOUBLE JEOPARDY | Illegal by the 5th; If found guilty, on can't be tried for the same crime twice |
| DUE PROCESS | Legal and legitimate process |
| INDICTMENT | A formal statement from the grand jury charging a person with a crime based on evidence presented by the prosecutor |
| UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS | Document that guarantees people human rights (rights given just for living, basic needs) |
