| A | B |
|---|
| Mediterranean Sea | a large, almost landlocked arm of the Atlantic Ocean touching Europe, Asia and Africa |
| Crete | a Greek island in the Mediterranean Sea, southeast of Greece |
| Rhodes | a Greek island, lying east of Crete in the Aegean Sea |
| Attica | a peninsula in east-central Greece on the Aegean Sea on which Athens was built |
| peninsula | an area of land almost entirely surrounded by water |
| harbor | a sheltered place along the coast used to protect boats and ships |
| Peloponnesus | a mountainous peninsula in southern Greece between the Ionian and Aegean Seas |
| Phoenicia | an ancient seafaring civilization located on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea |
| Polis | a city-state in ancient Greece |
| Acropolis | a large hill in ancient Greece where city residents sought shelter and safety in times of war and met to discuss community affairs |
| Agora | a central area in Greek cities used both as a market place and as a meeting place |
| citizens | a person with certain rights and responsiblities in his or her country or community |
| oligarchy | a type of government in which a small group of citizens control decision making |
| Athens | for many centuries the most powerful of all ancient Greek city-states; capital of present day Greece |
| monarchy | a government ruled by a king or queen |
| Sparta | the largest ancient Greek city-state located on the southern Peloponnesus |
| democracy | a system of government in which citizens vote to make governmental decisions |
| Mount Olympus | the highest mountain in Greece where the ancient Greeks believed many of their gods and goddesses lived |
| Homer | ancient Greek poet |
| colony | a territory or community that is under the control of another country |
| Parthenon | a temple to the Goddess Athena |
| Pericles | Athenian general who led the Athens during the with Sparta;he made sure that poor as well as rich citizens could take part in government |
| assembly | a law making body of government mad up of a group of citizens |
| jury | a group of citizens chosen hear evidence and make a descision in a court of law |
| Socrates | a Greek philosopher who discussed laws, customs, values and religion, with students;accused of urging young people to revolt;he was sentenced to death |
| philosophy | the study or search for truth, wisdom and the right way to live |
| Plato | a Greek philosopher and student of Socrates |
| Peloponnesian War | a war fought between Athens and Sparta in 400 B.C.ending in victory for Sparta |
| Alexander the Great | the king of Macedonia who conquered Greece, Persia, Eygpt and the Indus Valley;his conquests spread Greek culture throughout parts of three continents |
| Macedonia | an ancient kingdom ruled by Alexander the Great that conquered Greece and the Persian Empire in the 300 B.C. |
| Aristole | a Greek philosopher who was the private teacher of Alexander the Great |
| Alexandria | a city in Egypt founded c. 332 B.C. by Alexander the Great |
