| A | B |
|---|
| Conformity | the idea that one should be like everyone else |
| Baby Boom | period from 1945 to 1960 that saw the biggest increase in our population |
| Brown v. The Board of Education | ruled in 1954 that school segregation was unconstitutional |
| Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. | famous African American civil rights leader who practiced passive resistance |
| passive resistance | non-violent protest: marches, sit-ins, rallies |
| Rosa Parks | woman arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a bus to a white man; led to the Montgomery Bus Boycott |
| 24th amendment | outlawed the use of poll taxes and discrimination in public places |
| Voting Rights Act of 1965 | outlawed the use of literacy tests in order to vote |
| Affirmative Action | requirement by the government that employers hire and promote more minorities |
| Bakke case | involved the issue of reverse discrimination |
| Betty Friedan | wrote the Feminine Mystique and said women should not be satisfied being housewives |
| Malcolm X | Black Muslim leader who believed in Black separatism |
| War on Poverty | created by Pres. Lyndon Johnson to help the poor in America |
| Great Society | Pres. Johnson's program to promote civil rights and to end poverty |
| Michael Harrington | wrote The Other America and said the U.S. must address the causes of poverty |
| Ralph Nader | wrote Unsafe At Any Speed about how U.S. cars were unsafe |
| John Howard Griffin | wrote Black Like Me |
| Warren Court | liberal Supreme Court of the 1950s and 1960s |
| Gideon v. Wainwright | said criminals who cannot afford a lawyer must be appointed one |
| Miranda v. Arizona | ruled that the police must read the accused their rights |
| Engel v. Vitale | ruled that school prayer is unconstitutional |
| busing | practice of integrating schools by sending Black students to white schools |
| Roe v. Wade | legalized abortion |
| Reaganomics | known as supply-side economics; wanted tax cuts to help business (the suppy side) |
| Favorable Balance of trade | when exports exceed imports |
| Unfavorable Balance of trade | when imports exceed exports; also known as a trade deficit |
| Hostage Crisis | when Iran took over the American embassy in Teheran and seized 50 Americans |
| stagflation | high unemployment along with high inflation; a stagnant economy |
| Levittown | a suburb created on Long Island after WWII to create affordable housing |
| Interstate Highway Act of 1956 | the biggest public works project in our history |
| Star Wars | Strategic Defense Initiative begun by Pres. Reagan to develop the use of lasers as a weapon |
| Mapp v. Ohio | ruled that all police must have search warrants |
| Medicare | provides health care to the elderly |
| Medicaid | provides health care to the poor |
| Afghanistan | nation invaded by the Soviet Union in 1979 |
| judicial activism | when the Supreme Court acts like a lawmaker |
| Nicaragua | Central American nation that Reagan administration intervened in to stop the spread of communism |
| U.S. v. Nixon | ruled that Pres. Nixon had to turn over the Watergate tapes |
| "Long, Hot Summers" | period of riots in urban ghettoes in the mid-1960s to protest economic inequities |
| New Federalism | Reagan idea that wanted to reduce the size of the federal government and give the states more power |
| Sandinistas | communists in Nicaragua led by Daniel Ortega |
| Jackie Robinson | credited with breaking down the color barrier in professional baseball |
| 14th amendment | says the states must give equal protection under the law to all citizens |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | said that segregation was legal as long as it was "separate, but equal." |
| March on Washington | Dr. King led this in 1963 to get Pres. Kennedy to pass a civil rights bill |
| Acid Rain | caused by the burning of fossil fuels |
| Three Mile Island | site of a near meltdown at a nuclear power plant near Harrisburg, PA |
| Ayatollah Khomeini | Islamic leader who overthrew the Shah of Iran in 1979 |
| Human rights | this issue was strongly supported by Pres. Carter |
| Camp David Accords | when Egypt and Israel, with Pres. Carter's help, agreed to peace |
| Arab Oil Embargo | led to high gasoline prices and shortages in 1973 and 1974 |
| Little Rock, Arkansas | site where Pres. Eisenhower sent troops to integrate a high school in 1957 |
| Iran-Contra Affair | secret deal where Pres. Reagan sold weapons to Iran to raise money for the Contras in Nicaragua |
| Jim Crow Laws | Southern laws that segregated the races |
| "trickle down" theory of economics | Hoover and Reagan's idea that if gov't helps business the money will filter down to the workers eventually |
| It was too expensive | the biggest drawback to the Star Wars project |
