| A | B |
|---|
| Nile River | the world's longest river, that flows northward through East Africa into the Mediterranean Sea |
| silt | a mixture of tiny bits of soil and rock carried and deposited by a river |
| delta | the flat, fan-shaped land made of silt deposited at the mouth of a river |
| Lower Egypt | the northern part of Ancient Egypt |
| Upper Egypt | the southern part of Ancient Egypt |
| irrigation | the watering of dry land by means of canals or pipes |
| Menes | king of Upper Egypt who united Upper and Lower Egypt |
| unification | the joining of separate parts, such as kingdoms, into one |
| pharaoh | the title used by the rulers of ancient Egypt |
| Memphis | capital of Egypt's old kingdom located on the Nile near preasent-day Cairo; 29 degrees north, 31 degrees east |
| economy | the way people manage money and resources for the production of goods and services |
| hieroglyphics | the ancient Egyptian system of writing that used symbols to stand for objects, ideas, or sounds |
| scribe | a professional writer who kept records and copied letters and official documents |
| papyrus | a kind of paper made from papyrus, a reed plant growing along the nile, that the ancient Egyptians used for writing |
| Khufu | Egyptian pharaoh who built the great pyramid |
| Thebes | an ancient city in upper Egypt that became capitial of the new kingdom; 26 degrees north, 33 degrees east |
| Nubia | an ancient kingdom south of Egypt |
| Ahmose | new kingdom pharaoh who drove the Hyksos out of the nile delta and reunited Egypt |
| empire | a group of lands and peoples ruled by one government |
| Kush | an ancient kingdom in Northeastern Africa, conquered by Egypt. it later regained independence and flourished through trade between c. 500 B.C. and A.D. 150 |
| Hatshepsut | one of the few women Egyptian pharaohs; organized a trade expedition to Egypt's southern neighbor; Punt |
| expedition | a group of people who go on a trip for a specific reason |
| Punt | an ancient Egyptian name for an area of Africa south of Egypt |
| Valley of the kings | west of Thebesin ancient Egypt, the burial place of 30 new kingdom pharaohs; 26 degrees north, 33 degrees east |
| Tutankhamun | Egyptian pharaoh who ruled from about the ages of 7-17; his tomb remained nearly untouched until its discovery in 1922 |
| social pyramid | a diagram illustrated the divisions within a culture; usually showing the most powerful person or group at the bottom peak and the least powerful groups at the bottom |
| slavery | the practice of one person owning another person |
