| A | B |
|---|
| Plasma clearance is | the volume of plasma that is cleared of a specific substance each minute |
| Proteins and glucose have | zero renal clearance |
| The site of the is major RBF pressure drop is | the afferent arteriole |
| The renal blood flow (RBF) at rest, equivalent to | 1 L/min |
| Autoregulation dampens systemic blood pressure changes by | altering the afferent arterioles diameters |
| Autoregulation occurs | between 70 and 210 mmHg |
| Autoregulation of RBF | is by myogenic and tubuloglomerular feedback mechanisms |
| Tubuloglomerular feedback occurs between | macula densa (MD) cells and cells of the afferent arteriole |
| When fluid delivery and NaCl transport at MD increase | there are increases in cell Na and Ca |
| Renin is produced at | the granular cells of afferent arterioles |
| Angiotensin II acts on the adrenal cortex inducing | the release of aldosterone |
| GBM sieving function | allows free passage of neutral molecules up 18 micron radius |
| In kidney disease, proteinuria may be due | to loss of negative charge selectivity or to increasing numbers of large size pores of the basement membrane |
| The thin segment of the loop of Henle is specialized for | passive transport |
| Active transport moves | proteins, amino acids, glucose, fructose, and sodium, potassium, calcium, bicarbonate and chloride ions |
| Passive transport moves | water, chloride and sodium ions, urea, and lipid-soluble compounds |
| About 75% of total water reabsorption occurs at | the proximal tubule |
| Cortical Loop of Henle is responsible for | the reabsorption of solute |
| Medullary Loop of Henle is responsible for | the concentrating urine |
| Distal tubule is responsible for | the pH regulation by secreting H+ into the urine |
| ADH increases water reabsorption and concentrates urine in the | Collecting ducts |
| ADH release is stimulated by | increased blood osmolality or a decrease in blood pressure |
| The atrial natriuretic factor | inhibits ADH production |
| the ascending limb of the loop of Henle | is impermeable to water |
