| A | B |
|---|
| oral communication | use of spoken or written words to communicate a message |
| volume | how loud or quiet the voice is |
| rate | how quickly or slowly one speaks |
| pause | stopping briefly while speaking |
| tone | using the voice to indicate the true meaning of the message |
| emphasis | special importance given to a few words or phrases |
| inflection | using volume, rate, pause, and pitch to change the tone |
| enthusiasm | a tone that indicates interest and importance of the topic |
| upspeak | tendency for the voice to go up in pitch at the end of every phrase |
| monotone | the lack of inflection |
| mumbling | speaking unclearly |
| nonverbal communication | communicating without words (usually associated with body language rather than pictures) |
| posture | the way a speaker/listener stands or holds the body |
| movement | walking or planned moves during a speech |
| gestures | use of the limbs, body, or head to express an idea or indicate tone |
| facial expression | using the face to express an idea or indicate tone |
| eye contact | the ability to look at someone while communicating |
| proximity | how close the speaker is to the audience |
| message | the idea that someone wants to communicate |
| sender | the eprson or group that has a message to communicate |
| receiver | the intended audience or target for the message |
| encoding | the process of putting one's message into understandable terms |
| decoding | the process by which the receiver interprets the message |
| medium | the means for communicating the message (verbal or nonverbal) |
| interference | anythign that prevents or detracts from effective communication |
| vocal interference | the way one speaks distracts the audience |
| verbal interrupters/interference | unnecessary words or sounds in the speech ("like," "um") |
| poor enunciation (interference) | dropping word/sentence endings or running words together |
| structural interference | a poorly constructed speech |
| situation | setting and context for the speech |
| purpose | why the speech is being given |
| method | how the speaker goes about accomplishing the purpose in teh speaking situation |
| audience | for whom will the speech be given? |
| intrapersonal communication | talking to yourself |
| interpersonal communication | communication between 2-3 people |
| small group communication | interaction between 4-12 people |
| public speaking | 1-2 people communicating with many |
| mass communication | electronic and print technologies used to reach large numbers |
