| A | B |
|---|
| armada | a large fleet of ships, especially warships |
| cash crop | a crop that is grown to be sold for profit |
| charter | an official document giving a person permission to do something |
| colony | a settlement far away from the country that rules it |
| Columbian exchange | the movement of people, plants, animals, and germs across the Atlantic Ocean |
| conquistador | Spanish conquerors who first came to the Americas in the 1500s |
| encomienda | a very large piece of land given to Spanish colonists from the Spanish Government during the 1500s |
| expedition | a journey made for a special purpose |
| House of Burgesses | the law-making body of colonial Virginia |
| indentured servant | a person who agreed to work for someone in colonial America in order to have their voyage to America paid for |
| Mayflower Compact | an agreement made by the Pilgrims that stated they would make and obey "just and equal laws" |
| missionary | a person who teaches his or her religion to others |
| Northwest Passage | a water route believed to flow through North America to Asia |
| profit | the money remaining after the costs of a business have been paid |
| Sachem | the leader or chief of any group of Native Americans in the Eastern Woodland and Great Lakes Region |
| stock | shares of ownership in a company |
| Athualpa | Inca emperor conquered by the Spanish |
| Vasco Nunez de Balboa | led the first European expedition across the Isthmus of Panama |
| William Bradford | governor of the Plymouth Colony beginning in 1621 |
| John Cabot | first European to explore North America in search of the Northwest Passage |
| Jacques Cartier | first European to navigate the St. Lawrence River |
| Bartolome de las Casas | Spanish priest who defended the rights of the Indians |
| Columbus | Italian sea captain who sailed under the flag of Spain to the Americas in 1492 |
| Francisco Coronado | discovered the Grand Canyon |
| Henry Hudson | established trade between the Dutch and the Native Americans |
| Ponce de Leon | explorer who discovered Florida in 1513 |
| Magellan | sea captain in charge of the first trip around (circumnaviagation) the world |
| De Soto | first European to see the Mississippi |
| Dona Marina | helped Cortes conquer the Aztec by persuading many of the Aztec enemies to join Cortes's army |
| Francisco Pizzaro | Spanish conquistador who defeated the Inca in 1533 |
| Pocahontas | daughter of Chief Powhatan whose marriage to John Rolfe led to peace for 3 years |
| Queen Idabella & King Ferdinand | paid for Columbus's first expedition acorss the Atlantic |
| John Rolfe | Jamestown leader whose method of curing tobacco made it a successful cash crop |
| Squanto | Native American who helped the Pilgrims at Plymouth survive |
| Taino | first people of the Americas that Columbus met |
| Asian spices and silk | items that Columbus was seeking for on his first voyage across the Atlantic Ocean |
| diseases from mosquitos | killed many colonists during their first summer at Jamestown |
| John White | leader of the English colony of Roanoke in 1587 |
| Fray Marcos de Niza | priest from Spain who went with Coronado on his search for gold |
| Leif Ericson | Viking leader who was probably the first European to explore North America |
| Cabeza de Vaca | Spanish explorer who was the first to reach Texas |
| Samuel de Champlain | explorer and founder of Quebec/known as the "Father of New France" |
| Giovanni da Verazano | searched for the Northwest Passage |
