| A | B |
|---|
| infectious agent | bacteria, virus, fungi |
| reservoir | humans, animals, food, water, milk, inanimate objects |
| portal of exit | respiratory, genitourinary, and gastrointestinal tracts; breaks in skin; blood and tissue |
| means of transmission | routes: contact, vehicle, vector, airborne |
| portal of entry | same routes as portal of exit |
| susceptible host | host with weakened resistance: neonates and older adults most susceptible |
| first stage of infection | incubatin period |
| second stage of infection | prodromal stage |
| third stage of infection | full stage of illness |
| fourth stage of infection | convalescent period |
| medical asepsis | "clean" techniques |
| surgical asepsis | "sterile" technique |
| nosocomial infection | hospital-acquired infection |
| exogenous infection | infection acquired from other people or sources |
| endogenous infection | infection from person's own microorganisms |
| iatrogenic | resulting from treatment or diagnostic procedure |
| handwashing | most effective way to help prevent the spread of organisms |
| CDC | government agency responsible for investigating, preventing, and contolling disease |
| Standard Precautions (Tier 1) | infection control precautions used in care of all hospitalized individuals |
| Transmission-based Precautions (Tier 2) | used in addition to Tier 1 for clients with known infection |
