| A | B |
|---|
| travois | sled pulled by dog or horse |
| tepee | tent made by stretching buffalo skin over tall poles |
| corral | enclosure for trapping and killing buffalo |
| jerky | dried buffalo meat |
| Sun Dance | 4-day religious ceremony to thank the Great Spirit and ask for good fortune in future |
| vigilante | self-appointed law enforcer; tracked down outlaws and punished them usually without trials |
| transcontinental railroad | stretches across continent from coast to coast |
| cattle drive | driving the animals hundreds of miles north to railroad lines |
| cowhand | tended to cattle and drove herds to market |
| Cattle Kingdom | from Kansas to Montana where cattle ran wild on the open range |
| Comstock Lode | one of the richest silver mines in the world |
| lode | a vein of gold or silver |
| Union Pacific | railroad from Omaha, Nebraska going westward; hired Irish workers; had to cut through Rocky Mts. |
| Central Pacific | railroad beginning in Sacramento, California traveling eastward; hired Chinese workers; had to cut through Sierra Nevada Mts. |
| Promontory, Utah | place where the Central Pacific and Union Pacific met |
| Leland Stanford | hammered the golden spike into the rail which joined the two R.R. tracks |
| Problems miners caused | polluted streams, cut down forests, Native Am. forced from land |
| Reasons Cattle Kingdom ended | land fenced in, bitter winters killed longhorns |
| vaquero | skilled riders who herded cattle in Southwest |
| nomad | person who moves from place to place; Plains Indians were nomads as they followed the buffalo |
| sinew | ligament of buffalo used for bow string |
| Sioux | French term for the Plains Indians |
| Jesse Chisholm | blazed one of the most famous cattle trails |
| two methods of killing buffalo | corral method, cliff method |
| May 10, 1869 | Transcontinental railroad completed |
| subsidy | financial aid or land grant from government; Congress lent money and gave land to RR companies |
