| A | B |
|---|
| atom | tiny particle that makes up matter |
| element | a substance made up of just one kind of atom |
| proton | located in nucleus, postitve charge mass of 1 a.m.u. |
| electron | located in the shells/energy levels, negative charge |
| neurton | located in the nucleus, neutral/no charge, mass of 1 a.m.u. |
| In a neutral atom the number of protons and electrons are the | same |
| atomic number | the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom |
| atomic mass | the sum of the protons and neurtons in the nucleus of an atom |
| chemical names | not capitalized, come from Latin names, people, places, etc |
| chemical symbols | abbreviations or initials of their name, made up of 1 or 2 letters |
| isotope | forms of an element that differ in the number of neutrons they contain |
| electrons are | located in the space outside the nucleus, arranged in energy levels/shells/clouds |
| If an electrons outer levels are filled and they do not combine with others easily they are said to be | stable |
| If an electrons outer levels are not filled they are said to be | unstable and will combine with other atoms and rearrange electrons to fill the shells |
| A compound is | formed by two or more elements combining chemically |
| The process by which substances combine is called | chemical bonding |
| A covalent bond is... | formed by the sharing of electrons |
| A molecule is... | smallest unit of a compound with at least two or more atoms combined by sharing electrons |
| An ionic bond is.... | chemical bond that is formed by the giving up or taking in of electrons |
| An ion is... | an atom or group of atoms with an electrical charge |
| In an ion a negative charge if formed by | taking on electrons |
| In an ion a postive charge is formed by | giving up electrons |
| When chemical bonds between atoms are broken and atoms form new bonds forming new substance a........ has taken place. | Chemical reaction( chemical change) |
| Reactants are | substances present before a reaction occured |
| Products are... | new substances that were produced by a reaction |
| A formula that shows the atoms in a compound in their simplest proportions is called | empirical formula |
| A formula that shows the actual composition (make up) of a molecule is called... | molecular formula |
| A formula that shows the kinds, numbers and arrangements of atoms is called | structural formula |
