| A | B |
| mass production | making a large number of goods that are the same |
| strike | action of a group of workers who refuse to work |
| labor unions | workers organizations formed to give workers a united voice in dealing with their employers |
| collective bargaining | workers and employers try to reach agreements about wages and working conditions |
| cash crop | crops raised to be sold instead of eaten |
| consumers | people who buy and use goods |
| imperialism | one country takes over other countries and rules as colonies |
| racism | belief that one race of people are better than another race |
| suttee | custom in which wife must die when her husband dies |
| golden age | a time of a nation when they flurish in education, art, science etc |
| indirect rule | rule of land by taking charge of its leaders or institutions |
| direct rule | rule of a colony by the imperialist country |
| civil service | people who work for the government except military jobs |
| minority | less than half the people of a country or place |
| sphere of influence | one country gets right to trade in weaker country and keep others out |
| indemnities | payments to make up for some harmful actions |
| Boxer Rebellion | fought by China to get rid of foreign powers |
| Opium War | result of British opium supply being destroyed by Chinese |