| A | B |
|---|
| Afrocentrism | the dominance of African cultural patterns |
| beliefs | specific statements that people hold to be true |
| counterculture | cultural patterns that strongly oppose those widely accepted within a society |
| cultural conflict | political differences, often expressed with hostility, based on disagreement over cultural values |
| cultural integration | the close relationship among various elements of a cultural system |
| cultural lag | the fact that some cultural elements change more quickly than others, which may disrupt a cultural system |
| cultural relativism | the practice of evaluating a culture by its own standards |
| cultural transmission | the process by which one generation passes culture to the next |
| cultural universals | traits that are part of every known culture |
| culture | the values, beliefs, behavior, and material objects that, together, form a people's way of life |
| culture shock | personal disorientation when experiencing an unfamiliar way of life |
| ethnocentrism | the practice of judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture |
| Eurocentrism | the dominance of European (especially English) cultural patterns |
| folkways | norms for routine, casual interaction |
| high culture | cultural patterns that distinguish a society's elite |
| language | a system of symbols that allows people to communicate with one another |
| material culture | the tangible things created by members of a society |
| mores | norms that are widely observed and have great moral significance |
| multiculturalism | an educational program recognizing the cultural diversity of the United States and promoting the equality of all cultural traditions |
| nonmaterial culture | the intangible world of ideas created by members of a society |
| norms | rules and expectations by which a society guides the behavior of its members |
| popular culture | cultural patterns that are widespread among a society's population |
| Sapir-Whorf thesis | the thesis that people perceive the world through the cultural lens of language |
| social control | various means by which members of a society encourage conformity to norms |
| sociobiology | a theoretical paradigm that explores ways in which human biology affects how we create culture |
| subculture | cultural patterns that set apart some segment of a society's population |
| symbols | anything that carries a particular meaning recognized by people who share culture |
| technology | knowledge that people apply to the task of living in their surroundings |
| values | culturally defined standards by which people assess desirability, goodness, and beauty, and which serve as broad guidelines for social living |
